1. BARRIER AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

2. BARRIER PRECAUTIONS ARE
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS ARE
THINGS THAT WE WEAR TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF DISEASES.
WHAT WE DO TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF DISEASE.

3. WHY BARRIER AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTONS?
PATHOGENS!!
AKA INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(ONE CELLED OR MULTI CELLED ANIMALS
THAT CAUSE DISEASE)

4. A pathogen can be a
BACTERIA (STREP)
PLANT(FUNGUS) ATHLETE’S FOOT

5. a virus!
Aids
Swine flu

6. parasite! (A TAPEWORM)

7. How pathogens spread
FLOATING
SWIMMING
CRAWLING

8. What do bacteria, virus, fungi AND PARASITES have in common?
THEY CAN CAUSE ………………….
INFECTIOUS DISESASES
(MEANING DISEASE CAN SPREAD FROM
HOST OR PERSON TO ANOTHER)

9. BACTERIA VS VIRUS BACTERIA VIRUS NEEDS A HOST TO LIVE? NO YES
RNA; DNA?
YES, FREE FLOATING IN CYTOPLASM
YES, ENCLOSED IN A COAT OF PROTEIN
CELL WALL?
CELL MEMBRANE?
CAN BE TREATED WITH MEDICATION?
YES, WITH ANTIBIOTIC
NO, PREVENTED THROUGH VACCINATIONS

10. PARASITES VS VIRUS PARASITE VIRUS 1. NEEDS A LIVING HOST? YES
2. PHYSICAL MAKE UP
SINGLE CELL WITH CELL MEMBRANE; CALLED A PROTIST OR WORM
TINY PARTICLES WITH NO CELL WALL

11. LET’S TEST OUR KNOWLEDGE!
SITUATION: YOU ARE LOOKING UNDER A MICROSCOPE AT A MICROSCOPIC ORGANISM THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR A GREAT DEAL OF PEOPLE GETTING SICK AT THE ST. PARTICK’S DAY PARADE. THIS ORGANISM HAS ONLY A PROTEIN COAT AND A STRAND OF GENETIC MATERIAL OF DNA OR RNA ENCLOSED INSIDE THIS PROTEIN. WHAT TYPE OF ORGANISM IS THIS THAT MADE SO MANY PEOPLE ILL? (5 PTS TO FOLDER!)

12. THE ANSWER IS…..
A VIRUS!

13. DEMONSTRATION OF PATHOGENS MOVING!

14. ONE MORE THING: IMMUNITY
THIS MEANS A LIVING THING CAN FIGHT OFF A INFECTIOUS DISEASE BEFORE IT CAN CAUSE ILLNESS.

15. IDENTIFYING PATHOGENS: WHY
TO IDENTFY ILLNESSES IN PATIENTS
TO KNOW WHICH MEDICINE IS RIGHT FOR AN ILL PATIENT

16. TAXONOMY HOW DO WE ID A PATHOGEN?
BY A SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION CALLED A
TAXONOMY

17. LET’S stop and PRACTICE IDENTIFYING SOME PATHOGENS NOW

18. Preventing disease from happening
BY USING BARRIER PRECAUTIONS
BY USING UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

19. Use of barrier precautions
INCLUDES: 1. MASKS 2. GLOVES 3. GOWNS 4. SHIELDS
THESE ITEMS PROVIDE: A SHIELD BETWEEN YOU AND YOUR PATIENT FROM GERMS AKA PATHOGENS AKA INFECTUOUS DISEASES.

20. MASKING MASKING PRACTICE 1. IS A FILTERING MATERIAL TO COVER MOUTH
YOUR MOUTH IS FULL OF
ORGANISMS!
UPCOMING!

21. gloving Non- sterile gloving Sterile gloving
There are 2 types of gloving
Is a plastic like materials that covers the hands.
Non- sterile gloving
Sterile gloving

22. Gloving: non sterile
Gloving: sterile
This procedure is the use of gloves which does not require a pathogen free environment.
This procedure is the use of gloves in which requires a pathogen free environment.

23. GLOVING DEMONSTRATION
LET’S STOP AND SEE DEMONSTRATIONS OF GLOVING VIA
YOUTUBE
INSTRUCTOR DEMONSTRATION

24. Now…let’s practice ourselves
Masking
Gloving

25. LET’S STOP AND WATCH THE INSTRUCTOR DEMONSTRATE GOWNING A PERSON NOW
How to gown
A robe or smock worn in operating rooms and other parts of hospitals as a guard against contamination.
LET’S STOP AND WATCH THE INSTRUCTOR DEMONSTRATE GOWNING A PERSON NOW
Take notes as you watch

26. TWO SHIELD TYPES: EYE SHIELDS : FACE SHIELDS
TYPES OF SHIELDS
>>SIMILAR TO EYE GLASSES.
>>PROTECTS MEDICAL PERSON FROM GETTING PATIENT’S BODY FLUIDS INTO THEIR EYES.
TWO SHIELD TYPES: EYE SHIELDS : FACE SHIELDS

27. HOW DO I KNOW WHEN TO USE BARRIER PRECAUTIONS?

28. EXPOSURE
EQUIPMENT TO USE
WHEN TOUCHING BLOOD OR BODY FLUIDS

29. EXPOSURE EQUIPMENT TO USE
WHEN BODY FLUIDS TO BECOME DROPLETS IN THE AIR

30. EXPOSURE EQUIPMENT TO USE
WHEN BLEEDING CAN BE PROFUSE (HEAVY) AND SPLASHING

31. Next session it will be TIME TO BE TESTED!!!
Next session, you will 1. MASK OURSELVES 2. GLOVE A PARTNER 3. GOWN A PARTNER WALK UP TO MRS. T TO BE GRADED

32. Use of universal precautions include
1. Washing medical tools and linen…
AND… 2. Washing our hands/ body

33. Add best practices!
3. Sneezing properly
and
4. Use toilet paper!

34. Washing medical linen/tools
FOR MEDICAL TOOLS:
USE AUTOCLAVE, A DEVICE THAT STERILIZES TOOLS.
FOR LINEN:
WASHING AND RINSE IN HOT SOAPY WATER.
USE A HOT DRYER.
WITH GLOVES, FOLD AND PLACE IN SECURE LOCATION.

35. Cleaning hands..
By means of a sanitizer
By means of soap and water

36. Sanitizing your hands Let’s watch the instructor demonstrate..
Now, your turn!
Let’s watch the instructor demonstrate..
Listen for instructor’s directions!

37. Lets practice sanitizing now
Procure sanitizer and start sanitizing your hands now!

38. Did you know…..
THAT YOU DID NOT KILL A THING?

39. MAKE YOUR HANDS SMELL NICE 
Alcohol based sanitizers…
But they do..
MAKE YOUR HANDS SMELL NICE 
Don’t work because it takes about 10 minutes to kill germs.
Allow the alcohol to evaporate in minutes, leaving the germs on your hands.

40. LET’S LOOK AT WASHING HANDS
SOAP AND WATER ; best practice
1. Wet your hands with clean
running water.
2. Do not let your hands touch.
3. Rub your hands together to make
a lather.
4. Rub the following:
>palms
>backs of hands
>between fingers
>under nails
>wrists
5. Continue washing for 20 seconds.
Rinse your hands well under running
water. Hands should not touch!
6. With out flinging hands, dab dry with a paper towel or AIR DRY.

41. LET’S STOP AND PRACTICE
LET’S DO A “DRY RUN”!
TEST ALERT!
TEST ON WASHING YOUR HANDS WILL BE NEXT SESSION!

42. WASHING HANDS THE MEDICAL WAY!
LET’S WATCH AS OUR INSTRUCTOR DEMONSTATES HOW TO DO THIS CORRECTLY… THIS WILL BE NON-STERILE WASHING. REFER TO PAGE _____ IN YOUR SPIRAL!

43. sneezing

44. Purpose of sneezing
To blast out germs and other unwanted intruders

45. A sneeze in action
LET’S GO TO YOUTUBE AND VIEW A SNEEZE!

46. Steps to provide a barrier when a person sneezes

47. HOW TO PREPARE FOR A SNEEZE
NOSE BEGINS TO TINGLE, YOU:
1.Turn away from other people
2. Grab a tissue.
(no tissue, then you..)
3. Sneeze into your ARM or ELBOW.
4. Sneeze! And don’t hold back. You could spread germs into your ears!
5. Wash your hands after wiping or blowing your nose.

48. TOILET PAPER
LET’S LOOK AT A DEMONSTRATION OF HOW WE DO IT WRONG!

49. DOING IT RIGHT ! STEPS TO DOING IT RIGHT!
REMOVE THE FIRST 2 TO 3 SHEETS AND TOSS INTO THE TOILET.
TAKE OFF AS MANY SHEETS AS YOU NEED.
BE SURE TO FLUSH THE TOILET AFTER EVERY USE.
THOROUGHLY WASH HANDS.

50. LETS WATCH SOME EXPERTS IN ACTION!!!

51. Next steP?
LABORATORY ON PRECAUTIONS!