1. The Expansion of Greece
Chapter 5 Section 5
The Expansion
of Greece

2. Persian Empire

3. The Persian Wars *500 B.C. – Greeks vs. Persians
*Greeks in Asia Minor rebel
-Athens: helps Greeks
*Darius: Persian Ruler
-Crushes Greeks
-Wants to punish Athens: Control mainland

5. First Persian Invasion
494 B.C. Battle of Marathon
*Athenians stop Persian invasion
*Conflict continues until 490 BC
*10 years of uneasy peace.

6. Second Persian Invasion
*Xerxes: Persian Leader
*480 Invades Greece
*Battle of Thermopylae:
*300 Spartans stop Persians
Spartans refuse to surrender
All 300 die: allowed for other Greek city states to prepare

8. Themistocles *Athenian leader: Creator of Greek navy
*Evacuates Athens.
*Battle of Salamis: turning point
Greeks destroy Persian fleet
*479 BC – Athens & Sparta defeat Persians at Plataea
Ends war.

10. Result of Persian Wars *Persians remain a threat
*Sparta: Wanted Greeks to unite under their rule.
-Fear of Helot revolt prevents this.
*Athens: forms Delian League
-Alliance of 140 city-states.
-Athens build empire around the League.

11. Age of Pericles *Golden age of Athens
Athenian leader: BC
*Golden age of Athens
*Athenian democracy reached it’s height.
*Built the Parthenon and Acropolis
*Stability and prosperity
*Use navy to keep Persians out

12. Parthenon of Athens

13. Democracy under Pericles
*Male citizens could hold office
Except lowest class
Officeholders:
Paid
Chosen by lot (No advantage)
*No women involvement

14. Pericles and the Delian League
*D.L.- gains protection but loses independence.
*Athenian gov’t made all decisions
*Moved the Treasury to Athens.
*Resentment towards Athens

16. Peloponnesian War *War between Sparta & Athens *Causes: Old Rivals
431 B.C.
*Causes:
Old Rivals
Sparta upset over Athens control of the Delian League.

17. Peloponnesian War *Sparta –> Army Athens –> Navy
*Siege of Athens
Lasted 27 years
Plague broke out in Athens
Finally Blocked Athens food supply
*Sparta wins: Athens=2nd rate power
*Greek political society becomes unstable