1. “Egypt is the gift of the Nile.” ~ Herodotus
Geography of the Nile
“Egypt is the gift of the Nile.” ~ Herodotus

2. Course of the Nile World’s longest river (4,000 miles)
Empties into the Mediterranean Sea- forms a delta
Nile flows from south to north
Flood waters left silt on the land

3. Course of the Nile Upper Egypt in the south Lower Egypt in the north
Nile River has two main sources
The Blue Nile
The White Nile
Both meet and join in Sudan (country directly south of Egypt)

4. Black and Red Land
Egyptians called their land Kemet, “the Black Land” due to the rich silt (dark soil) left behind.
Red land was beyond the fertile Nile valley. This land was desert and very dry
Desert (Red Land) helped protect Egypt from invasion

5. Growth of the Nile Farming communities showed up around 5,000 BC.
Villages built around the fertile land.
Nile was used for transportation and trade.
In the south, trade developed over land due to Nile cataracts