1. GEOGRAPHY Subject Teachers : J. Govender & A Ellan
WELCOME TO
Grade 10

2. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS [ GIS]

3. AN INTRODUCTION TO GIS
APPLICATION & THEORY
What is GIS Display of Data Components of GIS Type of Data Use of GIS Remote Sensing Papermaps GIS Map Projections

4. What is GIS
GIS stand for Geographical Information Systems and is a computer system designed to capture, store ,control analyse manage and present all types of Geographical data.

5. Display and Representation of Data
GIS stores spatial data –(Spatial Data is data relates to places or points on a map ) Data in GIS is stored and represented in layers to generate new maps

6. Data Layers in Building a Supermarket
Population
Transport accessibility
Zoning codes
Height of land.
Land use zone
( Information obtained
from real world )

7. THEMES IN LAYERS OF GIS

9. USE OF GIS
METEOROLOGY – USE GIS TO STUDY PATHS OF HURRICANES AND CYCLONES ( SYNOPTIC MAPS ) AND PREDICT WHEN THEY MIGHT OCCUR.
CRIME PREVENTION- THE POLICE USE GIS STUDY CRIME PATTERNS AND HOW TO STRATEGICALLY POSITION POLICE OFFICERS.
RETAIL INDUSTRY – RETAIL INDUSTRIES MAY USE GIS TO SEE WHICH ARE THE SALES OF A PRODUCT ARE IN GREATEST DEMAND

10. ADVANTAGES OF GIS over Paper Maps
- Can cope with larger amounts of Data -Can cover a larger area -Can cope with unlimited and frequent edits and changes - More durable and resistant to damage

11. TYPES OF DATA VECTOR DATA
DATA THAT IS REPRESENTED BY POINTS LINES AND POLYGONS .
USEFUL FOR DESCRIBING FEATURES SUCH AS RIVERS ,STREETS AND LOCATION OF WINDMILLS
RASTER DATA
REAL WORLD FEATURES REPRESENTED BY GRID CELLS CALLED PIXELS .
EACH PIXEL REPRESENTS A SMALL SQUARE OF GEOGRAPHIC SPACE .
RASTER DATA DOES NOT REPRESENT INDIVIDUAL
FEATURES.

12. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DATA
PRIMARY DATA :DATA THAT IS OBTAINED FROM RESEARCH AND FIELDWORK
E.G. Interviews
SECONDARY DATA : DATA THAT IS OBTAINED THROUGH A SOURCE.
E.g. Magazine or Newspaper article

13. IN THE NEXT LESSON WE WILL LOOK AT REMOTE SENSING
FOUR COMPONENTS OF GIS
MAP PROJECTIONS
WORKING WITH PAPER GIS PRACTICALLY
PLEASE COMPLETE THE ACTIVITY ON PAGE 42 & 43 FROM YOUR HAND BOOK

14. THANK YOU GOD BLESS! GOD SPEED! J Govender & A Ellan
Subject Teachers :Geography

15. QUESTIONS
AND
COMMENTS

17. Concepts in GIS