1. India Energy Congress 2013
Sustainable Sources of Energy
February 2013

2. Contents
Background
Issues & Constraints
Discussion Points
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3. Introduction
Energy an important consideration for economic growth – Indian economy on growth trajectory
Widening Demand Supply gap : anticipated energy shortage ~ 9.3% & peak shortage ~ 10.6% (FY 2013)
Issue of climate change - India
Per capita CO tonnes (Year IEA)
Per capita GHG emissions projections vary from 2.77 tonnes to 5 tonnes of CO2 ( )
Possible Options
Huge untapped Renewable energy potential
Coal will remain mainstay for energy supply, but clean coal technologies could assume significance
Nuclear energy as an emerging alternative
Source: Integrated Energy Policy, 2006
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4. Policy push key to promote different options for GHG emission mitigation
Renewable Energy (RE)
National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) in year 2008
Target of 15% from RE by 2020
8 Separate Missions including JNNSM
India's renewable energy installed capacity ~ 26.6 GW
Expected to increase to 54 GW by end of 12th Plan & 99 GW by end of 13th Plan
Clean Coal technologies
Initiatives taken to overcome technical barriers - Both BHEL as well as NTPC now have roadmap deployment of commercial scale IGCC/Ultra- supercritical plants by 2017
New ‘Mission on Clean Coal Technologies’ under NAPCC initiated in 2012
Nuclear Energy
Installed Capacity ~ 4.7 GW
Additional 5.3 GW in 12th Plan period (planned)
India signed Nuclear Cooperation agreements to secure fuel supply & technical assistance with key countries
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5. Issues & Constraints - Renewable Energy
RPO Targets
Introduced as per the provisions of Electricity Act SERC initiative
Issues related to effective implementation of RPO, penalties for RPO non-compliance
Renewable Energy Certificate (REC)
Declining trend in REC demand due to non-enforcement of the RPO targets,
Lack of long term price clarity
Power Evacuation Infrastructure
Poor financial health of utilities
Lack of adequate power evacuation infrastructure for renewable energy project
sub optimal utilization of assets & back-down during peak season
Financing of Renewable Projects
Availability of funds
Low cost financing
Renewable projects perceived risky
Re-estimation of resource assessment
High quality resource assessments is lacking in renewable power technologies – biomass
Low level of Penetration for urban and industrial application
Relatively high level of cost & lack of policy & regulatory framework clarity hinders the large scale deployment
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6. Issues & Constraints Clean Coal Technologies
Improve efficiency of combustion & sub-systems of the power plants to increase the productivity of coal
Understanding economical-social- environmental benefit matrices of various technologies to make appropriate technology decisions
Understanding & identification of emerging superior Clean Coal Technologies practiced worldwide suitable for Indian scenario
Bridging the financing gaps
Institutionalization of the policy facilitation framework of CCTs
Nuclear Energy
Safety aspect: recent disasters at the Fukushima NPP in Japan : ensuring robust levels of nuclear safety are in place
Availability of fuel supply for long term
Limited reserves & extremely low grade ores available in India
Social & environmental concerns: Issues related to social & environmental impacts needs to be addressed to encourage acceptance of nuclear power project by all stakeholders
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7. Discussion Points – Renewable Energy
Need to deliberate on the strategy adopted by Govt. of India for promotion of renewable energy in India and possible way forward to strengthen the same
Possible ways to ensure that RPOs are implemented uniformly across states & they reflect the NAPCC targets
Enhancing credibility of REC market mechanism to support project viability
Ensuring availability of adequate financing be ensured for the development of renewable sector
Need for strengthening the institutional framework for the renewable segment to ensure coordinated development of RE sector
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8. Discussion Points Clean Coal Technologies
Key lessons from the various initiatives for clean coal technology testing and commercialization
Possible roadmap for adoption of Advanced clean coal technologies in Indian context
Nuclear Energy
Overcoming concerns with regard to safety aspects of Nuclear projects be addressed
Possible roadmap for nuclear power capacity addition
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9. Thank You
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