1. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Return of Experience for Microturbines Running on Landfill Gas // waste water gas in Europe Xavier.lombard@verdesis.com January 26th, 2005 Xavier LOMBARD General Manager Belgium // France Switzerland // Austria

2. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 1- Capstone Microturbine running on landfill Return of experience for the microturbine compared to the piston engine 2- Capstone Microturbine running on Waste Water treatment 3- Capstone Microturbine running on landfill gas Green electricity out of Capstone microturbine

3. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005

4. 1Million m3 waste Landfill close in 1994 Biogas - CH4 = 45%, - Flow = 165m3/h Cunéo – Italy July 2002 In 1994: 2 engines of 500kW In 1998: 1 engine 500kW In 2002: 1 engine 250kW Italy: Landfill

5. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Capstone Microturbine 30kW 28% efficiency Nox =1ppm CO = 200ppm

6. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Reciprocating EngineMicroturbine Biogas chiller Compressor Container Leanox System & compressor Air Cooling Exhaust cleaning (Post- combustion) Disconnector / Circuit breaker Synchronization relay Grid Protection Table 1 : Reciprocating Engine versus Microturbines installation

7. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 The efficiency is dramatically decreasing when CH4<50%. Maintenance cost is fix (even at part load) Auxiliary losses remain practically constant, which penalizes the economics at part load; Operator had to restart manually the engine. The starting procedure is very sensitive to the methane content. Easy to install / easy to move to another site The ability to run with low methane content: CH4 > 35% Efficiency does not decrease with the low methane content Several microturbines to follow the biogas generation curve Several microturbines allow keeping maintenance price # kWh. Engine Microturbines Lessons learned from the Engine/microturbine comparison

8. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 20022003 2004 8xC30 7xC30 6xC30 Generation costs on the site (excluding biogas captation) Microturbines flexibility brings higher revenues on the long term

9. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Power available in the methane in a landfill Microturbines runs for 35% < CH4 < 45%

10. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Figure 4 : Engine Efficiency Engine Efficiency CH4% engine efficiency CH4% microturbine efficiency

11. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Switzerland: Waste Water treatment Capstone : C30kW Eltacon : Compressor & chiller

12. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Good behaviour from –10°C up to 45°C Smart Proportional valve changed Microturbines Lessons learned from the Swiss WWTP experiment Need 100% by-pass for the flue exhaust Hot water overheat very fast Heat exchanger Variable speed control motor for proportional losses Condensate float ball valve not reliable technology Biogas chilling for drying and cleaning the biogas Compressor and chiller 400hours 200 starts 100k Equipment +Installation

13. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 4 months of continuous operation seamless Applied Filter Technology Verdesis distributor Propriété intellectuelle Verdesis Verdesis design concept Waste water treatment plant – Marche en famenne - Belgium

14. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Good behaviour from –10°C up to 45°C Smart Proportional valve changed (every 1000hours) Microturbines Lessons learned from Marche en Famenne WWTP Need safety lock for no exhaust interruption Heat exchanger SAG filter on high pressure side essential to protect the microturbine Gas reserve to mitigate pressure swing for inlet gas turbine Compressor and chiller 2000hours 50 starts 120k Equipment +Installation Green certificates = 90/MWh Self consuption =60/MWh

15. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Two microturbines biogas [35%-45%] Verdesis project commissioned in January 2004 Landfill – Sprésiano - Italy

16. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Operation with CH4 <> 30% occasionnaly Gas quantity was lower than expected One C30 runs part load Microturbines Lessons learned from Sprésiano Landfill 300hours 20 starts 120k Equipment +Installation Green certificates = 90/MWh Self consuption =35/MWh

17. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Landfill – Des-Isnes - Belgium

18. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Noise is 85dBa @ 1m Noise drop at 65 dBa @ 1m with silencer NOx < 2ppmCO < 20ppm @ 15%O2 Smart Proportional valve changed (every 2000hours) Microturbines Lessons learned from Des-Isnes Landfill Electrical valve for bypass are fragile Heat exchanger Inlet back pressure @ compressor stop Compressor and chiller 500hours 20 starts 400k Equipment +Installation Green certificates = 90/MWh Self consuption =35/MWh

19. Ottawa Microturbine Application Workshop jan 25-27 2005 Conclusion for microturbines on biogas run with low methane content: CH4 > 35% microturbines flexibility improves revenue Several microturbines allow keeping maintenance price # kWh. Efficiency does not decrease with the low methane content On going development Microturbines project running on biogas throughout Europe >10 projects on landfill & sewage plant by end of 2005 Siloxanes filtration using proprietary system from USA 60+ reference with 100% efficiency in the USA