1. Effects of embryonic hypoxia on fasted and postprandial heart rate and stroke volume.
Effects of embryonic hypoxia on fasted and postprandial heart rate and stroke volume. Mean heart rate (fH; A), total cardiac stroke volume (VS,tot; B), cardiac stroke volume to pulmonary circuit (VS,pul; C) and cardiac stroke volume to systemic circuit (VS,sys; D) before and after feeding in 5-year-old control snapping turtles [21% O2 (N21); white bars; N=6] and turtles exposed to hypoxia as embryos [10% O2 (H10); black bars; N=5]. Following significant one-way repeated-measures (RM) ANOVA, different uppercase letters (within N21) or lowercase letters (within H10) indicate significant differences (P<0.05) between feeding time points within an embryonic O2 treatment based on Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test. * indicate a significant difference (P<0.05) between N21 and H10 animals at that feeding time point based on Fisher's LSD post hoc test. Data are presented as means±s.e.m.
Oliver H. Wearing et al. J Exp Biol 2017;220:
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