1. Vocabulary Hyperbole (n)- an exaggerated statement done for an effect
Complacent (adj) {Complacency (n)}- when one becomes self-satisfied and unconcerned, regardless of the dangers around; laziness about your position
Sadist (n) {Sadistic or Sadism}- someone who receives sexual gratification by giving pain to another
Masochist (n) {Masochistic or Masochism}- someone who receives sexual gratification by giving him/herself pain
Sanctimonious (adj)- pretending to be holy or pious when you are not; hypocrite

2. Section 2 Body Regions Body motions Anatomical positions Body lines
Abdominal Quadrants

4. Regions of Body Tarsal= Ankle Plantar= Bottom of Foot
Brachial= Upper Arm
Calcaneal=Heel
Antebrachial= Forearm
Carpal=Wrist
Pollex= Thumb
Femoral= Thigh
Patellar= Anterior Kneecap
Popliteal= Posterior Kneecap
Mental= Chin
Crural= Anterior Lower Leg
Sural= Posterior Lower Leg
Manus= Hand
Digital= Fingers and Toes
Deltoid= Lateral Shoulder
Pubic= Genitalia
Occipital= Back of Head
Coxal= Hip
Cervical= Neck
Scapular= Shoulder Blade
Dorsal= Spine
Lumbar= Lower Back
Gluteal= Buttocks
Frontal = Forehead
Orbital= Eyes
Nasal= Nose
Oral= Mouth
Thoracic= Whole Chest
Cephalic= Head
Axillary= Armpit
Abdominal= Abdomen
Umbilical= Belly Button
Pelvic= Region below belly button
Inguinal= Crack b/t abdomen and hip

5. Anatomical Pairs
There are 4 sets of anatomical descriptors that are used to describe the location of a body part.

6. 1. Anterior/Posterior Anterior means the front aspect of an item
The face is the anterior aspect of the head
Posterior means the back aspect of an item
The spine is the posterior aspect of the body

7. 2. Superior/Inferior Superior means the higher part of something
The scalp is the superior part of the head
Inferior means the lower part of something
The most inferior region of your head is the chin.

8. 3. Proximal/Distal
Proximal and distal are only used in the arms/legs (extremities) ONLY
Proximal means closer to the trunk of body
The hip is the proximal part of the leg
Distal means farther from the trunk of body
The ankle is the distal part of the leg

9. 4. Medial/Lateral Medial means closer to the midline of the body,
The ulna is the medial bone of the forearm
Lateral means farther from the midline of the body,
The pinky toe is on the lateral side of the foot
Only compare two items on the same side of body (right or left)

10. Superficial/Deep Superficial is closer to the skin
Deep is deeper in the body

11. Comparisons
These anatomical descriptions may be used to compare two parts of the body.
Formula: The _________ is {description} to the ____________.
e.g. The breasts are anterior to the spine. (posterior)
The lungs are superior to the pelvis (inferior)
The fingers are distal to the elbow. (proximal)
The left nostril is medial to the left eye. (distal)
You only use designated pair groups when comparing

12. Anatomical Positions, Body Planes, and Directional Terms

14. Body Planes
The human body is cut into 3 main planes to identify different sections of the body.
Transverse Line: Cut at waist separates body into Superior and Inferior Sections
Midsagittal Line (aka Midline): Cut at midline of body to separate body into right & left halves.

15. Body Planes
Midaxillary Line (aka Coronal): Cut body at midcoronal line to separate body into anterior and posterior sections.

17. Directional Terms 1. 2. Abduct-Move away from midline
Adduct-Move back to midline of body
Shoulder and Hip
Prone-Lie on your belly
Supine-Lie on your back
Dorsiflexion- pointing foot TOWARD the body.
Plantarflexion- pointing foot AWAY from the body. 2.
Flexion-Decreases angle b/t two parts
Extension-Increases the angle b/t two parts
Inversion- Turn foot toward the midline (or middle) of body
Eversion-Turn foot away from midline
Circumduction-
Used only in shoulder and hip
Moving those joints in a circular motion.

18. Quizzito 1. Invert A. Pointing your toes toward you.
2. Adduct B. Lying on your back
3. Extension C. Returning arm/leg toward trunk of body
4. Supine D. Turning foot inward toward midline
5. Dorsiflex E. Increasing angle b/t two body parts
6. Deltoid A. Lateral Arm
7. Crural B. Groin
8. Inguinal C. Ankle
9. Occipital D. Anterior Lower Leg
10. Tarsal E. Back of Head

19. Body Cavities

20. Body Cavity The two most important cavities are:
1. Dorsal- contains the brain and spinal cord.
2. Ventral- (cont)

21. Ventral Cavity The largest cavity in the body is the ventral cavity.
It is on the anterior aspect of the body
Divided into two sections
1) Thorax (aka Chest)
This includes all the organs superior to the diaphragm
Heart, Lungs, Major Blood Vessels

22. Ventral (cont) 2) The 2nd section of the Ventral Cavity is the Abdomen
The abdomen contains all organs inferior to diaphragm
Includes liver, Stomach, Gallbladder, Spleen, Small and Large Intestines, Bladder, Uterus
The diaphragm is a thin muscle used for breathing

23. Organs in which quadrants?
Liver
Rt Upper Quadrant
Gallbladder
It is inferior to the liver
Liver/Gall Bladder end in “r”. “R” means right.
Stomach
Lt Upper Quadrant
Appendix
Rt Lower Quadrant
Small and Large Intestines?
All Quadrants!! They are feet long!

25. Chest X-Ray

26. Lateral View of Thorax

29. Abdominal Cavity (Lateral View)

30. Abdominal Organs