1. In your journal complete the following…
1. Which body system allows for an organism to continue its species?
2. Why do you think that different organisms look different?

2. SISN set up Table of contents Glue in unit pages Genetics Title Page
To be the same? Or not to be the same? (Genetics Activator )
Genetics Vocabulary
Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction
Methods of Reproduction
Glue in unit pages

3. To be the same? Or not to be the same?
We’re going to start getting into genetics and genetic variation. To get us thinking about genetics and how traits are passed on, we are going to start by looking at various traits in the classroom.
You are going to walk around and collect information about your classmates.
SILENTLY walk around the room and find students who have the various traits listed below. USE GESTURES! NO TALKING or YOU ARE OUT!
Can only use a person’s name once!

4. Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction

5. Learning Goals I will understand the steps of mitosis and meiosis.
 I will compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. I will explain the various processes of reproduction.
I will compare and contrast sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction to evaluate how sexual reproduction increases variation in offspring.
I will determine advantages and disadvantages of sexual vs. asexual reproduction.
Vocabulary: 
Offspring, genetics, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, inheritance, mitosis, meiosis, budding, fertilization, regeneration, fission

6. Genetic Variation

7. offspring
children

8. genetics
Study of inheritance

9. Passing of traits from 1 generation to the next
heredity
Passing of traits from 1 generation to the next

10. Quality or characteristic
trait
Quality or characteristic

11. self-replicating material; carrier of genetic information.
DNA
self-replicating material; carrier of genetic information.

12. unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring
gene
unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring

13. chromosomes
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells; has genetic information in the form of genes.

14. Sexual reproduction
offspring formed by combo of genetic info from a male & female;allows variation & uses meiosis

15. Involves mitosis; offspring is a clone & identical
asexual reproduction
Involves mitosis; offspring is a clone & identical

16. Something that is given & passed on
inheritance
Something that is given & passed on

17. mitosis
Cell division that results in 2 daughter cells each has the same # & kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus-asexual

18. meiosis
Cell division that results in 4 daughter cells each with half the # of chromosomes as the parent - sexual reproduction

19. Asexual;bud forms as offspring
budding
Asexual;bud forms as offspring

20. Action of fertilizing an egg in females to form a zygote
fertilization
Action of fertilizing an egg in females to form a zygote

21. 2 or more alternate forms of a trait; 1 from mom & 1 from dad
allele
2 or more alternate forms of a trait; 1 from mom & 1 from dad

22. Punnett Square
Diagram used to predict the probability of offspring having certain alleles

23. variation
Different version

24. genotype
Genetic makeup

25. physical characteristics; way it looks; interaction of genes & environ
phenotype
physical characteristics; way it looks; interaction of genes & environ

26. Different genes; one dominant & 1 recessive
heterozygous
Different genes; one dominant & 1 recessive

27. homozygous
2 of the same allele

28. dominant
Most influential

29. Not the most dominant or influential
recessive
Not the most dominant or influential

30. Diagram that shows the occurrence of genes
Pedigree chart
Diagram that shows the occurrence of genes

31. Abnormalities in genes; rare
Genetic disease
Abnormalities in genes; rare

32. Compare the results of offspring from sexual or asexual reproduction
Uniform offspring
Diverse offspring

33. Sexual Reproduction vs. Asexual Reproduction
Put the t-chart below on your SISN page.
Forms of Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction

34. Asexual Reproduction
One parent: organism produces offspring without fertilization
Uniform offspring:
Because offspring inherit all of their DNA from one parent, they are genetically identical to each other and to their parent

35. Sexual Reproduction
A type of reproduction in which the genetic materials from two different cells combine, producing an offspring
The cells that combine are called sex cells
Female – egg
Male – sperm
Fertilization: an egg cell and a sperm cell join together
A new cell is formed and is called a zygote

36. We will be using this page to continue taking the rest of our notes today

37. Binary Fission: Asexual Reproduction
Fission: Cell division in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells
DNA is copied
The cell begins to grow longer, pulling the two copies apart
The cell membrane pinches inward in the middle of the cell
Cell splits to form two new uniform, identical offspring
Examples: bacteria, Ecoli, pond critters

38. Regeneration: Asexual Reproduction
Regeneration: occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent.
Producing new organisms: Sea Stars
Sea urchins, sea cucumber, sponges, and planarians
Producing new body parts: Gecko
Newts, tadpoles, crabs, hydra, and zebra fish

39. Budding: Asexual Reproduction
Budding: a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent
The bud, or offspring is identical to the parent
The bud, when large enough, can break off of the parent and live on its own
Offspring may remain attached and form a colony
Examples: Yeast, Hydra, cactus

40. Pollen and Fertilization – Sexual Reproduction
Fertilization – Union of sperm and egg cells (gametes) from two parents.
Pollination/Fertilization is a sexual reproduction method of flowering plants.
Pollination is the transfer of pollen to a stigma, ovule, flower, or plant to allow fertilization.
Pollen is the sperm (sex cell) of a flower.

41. Below the chart answer the following questions about sexual vs
Below the chart answer the following questions about sexual vs. asexual reproduction.
1) Name two advantages to sexual reproduction and two disadvantages. Explain your answer.
2) Name two advantages to asexual reproduction and two disadvantages. Explain your answer.

42. Advantages: Asexual Reproduction
Enables organisms to reproduce without a mate
No wasted time and energy
Enables some organisms to rapidly reproduce a large number of uniform offspring

43. Disadvantages: Asexual Reproduction
Because their offspring are identical, there is no genetic variation that can give an organism a better chance for survival
Example: If a weed killer can kill the parent, it will also kill the offspring
A whole species can be wiped out from a disease
Dangerous mutations in DNA – if the parent has the mutation in their DNA, the offspring will have it too.

44. Examples: Asexual Reproduction

45. Advantages: Sexual Reproduction
Diverse offspring: genetic variation among offspring
Half of the DNA comes from mom
Half of the DNA comes from dad
Due to genetic variation, individuals within a population have slight differences

46. Advantages: Sexual Reproduction
Selective Breeding
Used to develop many types of plants and animals that have desirable traits
Agriculture/Farming: better plants, larger animals
Desirable pets

47. Disadvantages: Sexual Reproduction
Time and Energy
Organisms have to grow and develop until they are old enough to produce sex cells
Search and find a mate
Searching can expose individuals to predators, diseases, or harsh environmental conditions
Fertilization cannot take place during pregnancy, which can last as long as 2 years for some mammals.

48. Examples: Sexual Reproduction

50. Activity:
Create a pamphlet: You are going to create a pamphlet for a veterinarian clinic about organisms that reproduces asexually and sexually.
What is sexual vs. asexual reproduction?
List and explain various aspects of these reproduction methods. What are the good things and what are the bad things of each type of reproduction.
Based off of what you know, which type of reproduction would be better? Justify/back up your judgments with facts and information you have gathered and learned. 

51. How do cells divide?
Glue down the diagrams in your SISN.

52. Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Meiosis
Mitosis
Results in two identical cells with each cell having the full amount of genetic information.
a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.