1. Electricity and Magnetism
Grade 5KE
Unit A

2. Electricity is… Electricity is made up of microscopic electrons
They move and carry an electrical charge.
An electrical current is when the electrons flow or move
Ex. Electrons from a battery flow to a clock and power the clock with their electrical charge
Electricity is…

3. Naturally occurring electricity Human-made electricity
Electricity powers many, many things around us
Everything you have to plug-in, runs on electricity
Brainstorm some naturally occurring electricity and some human-made electronics
Naturally occurring electricity
Human-made electricity
It is an Electric World

4. Naturally Occuring Electricity

10. Naturally Occurring Electricity
Write any 3 examples of Naturally Occurring Electricity in your notes:
In nature, some organisms can produce their own electrical charge
Electric eels, catfish, fireflies, stingrays
Your brain and nervous system produces electricity
Lightning is a form of natural electricity
Naturally Occurring Electricity

11. Where does Electricity come from?
Electricity is made or produced from power plants – called the mains supply
Where does Electricity come from?

12. The power plants produce electricity in turbines, using water, heat-from coal or wind

13. Batteries Electricity also comes from batteries
There are many different sizes of batteries and they all have different amounts of power
Batteries

14. Types of batteries Car battery Watch battery  Button cell
AA, AAA, AAAA, C, D
9-volt
Phone battery Galvanic cell, voltaic cell, electrochemical cell.
Rechargeable  Lithium Ion
Types of batteries

15. Batteries Batteries are storage cells of electricity.
Batteries are also called cells.
A battery has a positive terminal and a negative terminal
Does this positive and negative remind you of anything?
A terminal is where the electricity flows, much like a terminal in a train station
Batteries

16. Electrical Current Electricity flows just like water from a hose
The flowing electricity is called an electrical current
Currents of electricity flow through power lines, transformers and through wires in our homes.
Let’s do a demonstration!
Electrical Current

18. A conductor is an object that allows electrons to flow easily through it.
Most metals, like copper and aluminum, graphite, water, and people are good conductors.
Conductors

19. Insulators are objects that do not allow electrons to flow easily through it or at all
Wood, plastic, rubber are good insulators
Insulators

20. Resistors slow down electrons
Resistors slow down electrons.  When an electron is slowed down, it heats up.
Wire, steel wool, and carbon filament are all examples of resistors.
Resistors

21. Electricity is very dangerous
Electricity is very dangerous. It is important to follow a few safety rules.
1. Never use electricity in or near water.
2. Never place to many plugs in one socket.
3. Never play near or on power lines.
4. Never pull out a plug, by its cord.
5. Never stick anything into a plug in.
Electricity Safety

22. Electricity Safety 6. Never run electrical cords under rugs.
7. Never use an electrical lawn mower on wet grass or when it is raining.
8. Never play on power boxes.
9. Never stick anything metal into a toaster.
10. Never use a frayed cord.
Electricity Safety

23. End of Information on Quiz #1
Good job!
If you understand all the information in this Powerpoint, all of our in-class demonstrations, and your review questions – you are ready!
We have more to learn about Electricity & Magnetism after this quiz… I hope you’re “buzzed” about this!

24. Circuits A circuit is a circular movement of electrons.
In a circuit, the electrons flow from the battery to the load and back to the battery.
In order for the circuit to work, it must be complete.
Circuits

25. Open vs. Closed Circuits
Circuits can be open or closed.
An open circuit has a break or opening in the circuit.  The circuit will not work.
A closed circuit has no openings or breaks. The circuit will work because the electrons can flow in a complete circle.
Open vs. Closed Circuits

26. If you have a circuit with one bulb, a battery and wires, How can you increase the brightness of the bulbs?
If you add a battery, you can make the bulb brighter.
Adding a battery, increases the amount of electrons that power the bulb, making more light.
Adding a Battery

27. Switch In a circuit, it is important to be able to turn it off and on.
A switch is a device that can open or close a circuit.
A switch can be used to turn on or off the circuit, in this example, the light.
Switch

28. This is a build up of stationary electrons on a surface of an object.
For example, electrons from your hair build up on the surface of a balloon as you rub it against your head.
This creates an electrostatic negative charge.
Static Electricity

29. The balloon is can now stick to a surface because the balloon is acting like a magnet.
The positive electrons are trying to move to the negative electrons.
Static Electricity

30. Magnets A magnet is an object that produces an magnetic field.
Magnets have a north and south pole.
The north pole repels the north.  The south repels the south.
The north and the south are attracted to each other.
Magnets

31. Energy Conservation Why is important to conserve energy?
Many ways that are used to produce energy are with non-renewable resources.  It is important for us to want to conserve our non-renewable resources.  We want future generations to have what we have today. If we run out of oil, their will be no more and we will not be able to use our cars, machines, etc.
Energy Conservation