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Unequal Family Income and Unequal Opportunity for Higher Education
Intro Unequal Family Income and Unequal Opportunity for Higher Education RU 1st Forum Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ February 20, 2018 Tom Mortenson, Senior Scholar The Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education
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International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
Why Income and changes in income Education pipeline by family income quartiles High school graduation College continuation College participation Estimated bachelor’s degree completion by age 24 Estimated bachelor’s degree arraignment by age 24 Interpretations Social and cultural capital Affordability ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
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International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
Why Income and changes in income Education pipeline by family income quartiles High school graduation College continuation College participation Estimated bachelor’s degree completion by age 24 Estimated bachelor’s degree arraignment by age 24 Interpretations Social and cultural capital Affordability ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
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International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
Why Income and changes in income Education pipeline by family income quartiles High school graduation College continuation College participation Estimated bachelor’s degree completion by age 24 Estimated bachelor’s degree arraignment by age 24 Interpretations Social and cultural capital Affordability ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
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Financial Need Analysis Model
Cost of Attendance Tuition and fees Room and board Books and supplies Personal and medical care Transportation Less: Expected family contribution Income and assets Family size Number of children enrolled in college Equals: Financial need Gift aid: grants, scholarships, waivers Earnings from work/study Education loans: subsidized/unsubsidized Stafford, PLUS Federal tax credits
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International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
Why Income and changes in income Education pipeline by family income quartiles High school graduation College continuation College participation Estimated bachelor’s degree completion by age 24 Estimated bachelor’s degree arraignment by age 24 Interpretations Social and cultural capital Affordability ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
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Tertiary Type-A Degree Attain 25-34 yr olds OECD 2003
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International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
Why Income and changes in income Education pipeline by family income quartiles High school graduation College continuation College participation Estimated bachelor’s degree completion by age 24 Estimated bachelor’s degree arraignment by age 24 Interpretations Social and cultural capital Affordability ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) International rankings Recommendations for reauthorization
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Restoring College Affordability
Federal $13,000 Pell Grant maximum award $2,000 Super Pell to fund negative EFC calculated from FAFSA Income contingent education loan repayment College work-study for all students States Required 50:50 match to federal Pell Grant Institutions Continued eligibility for Title IV participation contingent on progress toward broadening enrollment and graduation of students from low income families
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