1. Why are reflexes important?
What is a reflex?
An inborn, involuntary, and automatic response to a specific stimulus
Why are reflexes important?
They protect the body – maintain homeostasis

2. What are some examples of reflexes? blinking pupil constricts in light
knee-jerk
gag
swallowing
Vomiting
Startle
withdrawl
Primitive reflexes – in infants – rooting, sucking

3. receptor effector response Processing; Decision to respond stimulus
Brain
effector
response

4. Types of Neurons sensory neurons
- transmit impulses from the receptors to the spinal cord and brain
interneurons
- relay impulses between sensory and motor neurons or between other interneurons
motor neurons
- transmit impulses from the spinal cord to the effectors

6. Nerve - a bundle of neurons or the axons and/or dendrites of neurons covered with connective tissue

7. Types of Nerves
sensory nerves
contain the long dendrites of sensory neurons; transmit impulses away from receptors to the spinal cord and brain
motor nerves
contain the long axons of motor neurons; transmit impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors

8. mixed nerves
contains both the long dendrites of sensory neurons and the long axons of motor neurons

9. brain
spinal cord
muscle
interneuron
motor neuron
Sensory neuron
stimulus
Label: stimulus, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, muscle, brain, spinal cord

10. Reflex Arc - pathway over which impulses travel in a reflex
interneuron  
sensory neuron  motor neuron  effector
 
stimulus response

11. Cell body of Sensory neuron interneuron
Spinal cord
Cell body of Sensory neuron
interneuron
synapse
motor neuron
Sensory neuron
stimulus
muscle

12. brain
spinal cord
relays impulses between the brain and the rest of the nervous system; coordinates simple reflexes

13. Types of Neurons sensory neurons
- transmit impulses from the receptors to the spinal cord and brain
interneurons
- relay impulses between sensory and motor neurons or between other interneurons
motor neurons
- transmit impulses from the spinal cord to the effectors

15. Human Nervous System

16. ganglia - groups of cell bodies (cytons) and interneurons that switch, relay, and coordinate nerve impulses

18. Peripheral nerves

19. Eyes

20. The
Central N.S.
Peripheral Nervous System
Carry
messages to
Is divided into two types of neurons called
sensory
motor
Which carry
messages to
contains contains
Receive
messages
from
The Somatic N.S.
Muscles and glands
sense organs
Involved with conscious control of
that control involuntary activities of the body are part
of the
Examples
include
skin
eyes
ears
Skeletal muscle
Autonomic N.S.

21. Autonomic N.S.
Two divisions include
Sympathetic N.S.
Parasympathetic N.S.
produces
responses
needed for
produces
responses
needed for
stress
calm

23. white grey cerebrum cerebellum medulla Spinal cord Central Nervous
System
grey
Spinal cord
cerebrum
cerebellum
medulla

25. Organize these terms in a concept map:
from general (top) to specific (bottom)
Autonomic Nervous system
Central Nervous System
Human Nervous System
Brain
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Spinal Cord

26. Human Nervous System

29. How would a gymnast use the following during a performance?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
Spinal Cord
Somatic Nervous System