1. English Colonization

2. English Pattern A Pattern of conquest and removal
Influence of Irish experience
Scotch-Irish
Enclosure
No assimilation and reliance on sharp divisions between groups of people

3. Goals of English Colonization
1) Religious Freedom – the Puritans
2) To acquire wealth – Virginia
3) A place to dump the unwanted – Virginia, Carolinas and Georgia

4. Jamestown VA 1607 Colony Tobacco Headright system
Indentured Servitude and Slavery
Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) – Poverty vs. Tidewater plantation class
House of Burgesses Joint Stock Company

7. Jamestown

8. Puritans 1619 Plymouth Colony Mayflower Compact
Governor William Bradford
1629 Massachusetts Bay Colony
Great Migration ( )
John Winthrop

9. Roman Catholicism and its protesting denominations
Lutheranism
Baptists
Anglicanism (Episcopalism U.S.)
Calvinism
French Calvinists – Huguenots
Scottish Calvinists – Presbyterian
English Calvinists- Puritans
Dutch Calvinists – Dutch Reformed Church

10. Puritan Massachusetts
English Calvinists –
Great Migration ( )
City upon a Hill – A new Jerusalem
Theocracy government with no dissent
Roger Williams – Rhode Island
Tom Hooker – Connecticut
Fundamental Orders of Conn. (1639)
King Phillip’s War (1675)

11. John Winthrop

12. Dutch New York (1620-1664) Fur Trading depot Slave outpost
English Takeover in 1664
John Peter Zenger Case (1735)
Libel; Freedom of the Press

14. Lord Cornbury – Governor of New York (1701-1709)

15. Middle/ Southern Colonies
Pennsylvania - haven for Quakers, Germans. The Charter of Liberties – freedom of worship and immigration
Maryland – haven for Catholics – Act of Toleration
Delaware – a Swedish colony

16. Southern Colonies (Restoration Colonies)
Carolinas – established as a retirement colony for wealthy West Indian landowners
Georgia (1732)- established by James Oglethorpe: a debtors colony

18. John Winthrop defines Liberty
For the other point concerning liberty, I observe a great mistake in the country about that. There is a twofold liberty, natural (I mean as our nature is now corrupt) and civil or federal. The first is common to man with beasts and other creatures. By this, man, as he stands in relation to man simply, hath liberty to do what he lists; it is a liberty to evil as well as to good. This liberty is incompatible and inconsistent with authority, and cannot endure the least restraint of the most just authority. This is that great enemy of truth and peace, that wild beast, which all the ordinances of God are bent against, to restrain and subdue it.
The other kind of liberty I call civil or federal, it may also be termed moral, in reference to the covenant between God and man, in the moral law, and the politic covenants and constitutions, amongst men themselves. This liberty is the proper end and object of authority, and cannot subsist without it; and it is a liberty to that only which is good, just, and honest. This liberty you are to stand for, with the hazard (not only of your goods, but) of your lives, if need be. Whatsoever crosseth this, is not authority, but a distemper thereof. This liberty is maintained and exercised in a way of subjection to authority; it is of the same kind of liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free. The woman's own choice makes such a man her husband; yet being so chosen, he is her lord, and she is to be subject to him, yet in a way of liberty, not of bondage;

19. Virginia, Act X. All persons except Negroes are to be provided with arms and ammunitions or be fined at the pleasure of the governor and council. Maryland, That whatsoever free-born [English] woman shall intermarry with any slave. . . shall serve the master of such slave during the life of her husband; and that all the issue of such free-born women, so married shall be slaves as their fathers were. Virginia, Act III. Whereas some doubts have arisen whether children that are slaves by birth. . . should by virtue of their baptism be made free, it is enacted that baptism does not alter the condition to the person as to his bondage or freedom; masters freed from this doubt may more carefully propagate Christianity by permitting slaves to be admitted to that sacrament. Virginia, Act I. It is enacted that all servants. . . which [sic] shall be imported into this country either by sea or by land, whether Negroes, Moors [Muslim North Africans], mulattoes or Indians who and whose parentage and native countries are not Christian at the time of their first purchase by some Christian. . . and all Indians, which shall be sold by our neighboring Indians, or any other trafficking with us for slaves, are hereby adjudged, deemed and taken to be slaves to all intents and purposes any law, usage, or custom to the contrary notwithstanding.