1. A Brief History of Canada Prior to 1713

2. 1400’s Major European Powers
The British
The French
The Spanish
The Portuguese
All exploring new territory

3. 1492 Christopher Columbus Discovers America
He was Italian, sent by the Spanish
There were of course already Native people living here

4. More Europeans Come
The British and French take control of North America
The Spanish and Portuguese take control of South America

5. 1497 First Discovery of Canada made by John Cabot
He was Italian sent by the French
Found RICH fishing areas off the coast of NewFoundland

6.
A French man named Jacques Cartier sailed two expeditions to Canada
1535 he sailed up the Saint Lawrence river which he named after the Saint

8. 1603
Frenchman named Samuel de Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence River and explored more territory

9. 1604
Samuel de Champlain founded “Port Royal” in Acadia

10. 1608 Samuel de Champlain founded “Quebec City”
Quebec coming from the Algonquin word meaning “Narrow Part of a River”
Biggest city in North America!

11. 1642 French founded “Montreal” Canada was now a true Colony
Called “New France”

12. 1685
The population of New France was now 10,000

13. 1600s
French Christian Missionaries (Priest of sort) came to New France to try and convert the Natives
They were called “Jesuits”
They did not have much success, and their interactions often resulted in violence and death

14. 1600s
French Settlers traded with the Natives for fur and began to Farm the land
This was known as the “Fur Trade”
Traded Weapons, Medicine, Cooking Equipment

15. However…… The British were also interested in Canada
The British and French had been mortal enemies for almost 1000 years

16. Fighting The British and French were always fighting over land
The “Iroquois” were allies with the British
The “Huron” were allies with the French

17. 1610
A British man named “Henry Hudson” discovered Hudson Bay

18. 1670 British founded the “Hudson Bay Company”
The company was given exclusive rights to trade with the Native Americans of the area around Hudson Bay

19. 1701-1713 “War of the Spanish Succession”
War over who was in charge of Spain
Britain fought with one half of Spain
France fought with the other half

20. Result
As part of the Treaty to end the war, France was forced to give Britain 3 major parts of New France (Canada)
1. Newfoundland
2. Nova Scotia
3. Hudson Bay

21. 1713 North America was now split into 3 Major parts
1. New France (French)
2. Thirteen Colonies (British)
Rupert’s Land (Hudson Bay Company)

22. 1713

23. Native American Tribes