1. WARM UP – APRIL 12
ON A CLEAN SHEET OF PAPER– briefly define each of these terms:
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise – which state enters as free, which enters as slave?
American System (3 parts)
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Era of Good Feelings
The Corrupt Bargain
McCullough v. Maryland - importance
Worcester v. Georgia
Industrial Revolution
Cotton Gin - what did it do to the value of slaves?

2. QUIZ REVIEW 1. President Andrew Jackson used the spoils system to:
(A) stop the westward expansion of slavery
(B) strengthen the military for national defense
(C) reward loyal political supporters
(D) destroy the Bank of the United States

3. 2. The Erie Canal and Hudson River contributed directly to the:
(A) decisions to restrict immigration
(B) rapid increase in population in upstate New York
(C) settlement of New England
(D) acquisition of land from Canada

4. 3. In the 1830s, President Andrew Jackson supported the Indian removal policy because:
(A) white settlers desired the land on which Native American Indians lived
(B) Native American Indians were attacking southern cities
(C) he wanted to punish Native American Indians for their political opposition
(D) he sought complete control of Texas by the United States

5. 4. Completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 encouraged the growth of the Midwest because it:
(A) linked the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Coast
(B) helped force the removal of British forts in the Northwest Territory
(C) stimulated development of cotton production in the Ohio River valley
(D) increased trade with Asia

6. 5. The decision of the Supreme Court in McCulloch v
5. The decision of the Supreme Court in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) was: important because it:
(A) clarified constitutional limits on the right to bear arms
(B) denied slaves the right to sue in federal courts
(C) increased the power of the federal government over the states
(D) upheld funding for the Erie Canal

7. 6. Prior to the invention of the cotton gin:
(A) The value of slaves was consistently increasing
(B) Slavery was on the decline
(C) Industrialization in the north provided an increased demand for slaves
(D) The slave trade had largely been abolished in the South

8. 7. Between 1800 and 1830, the National Road and the Erie Canal were built to connect which regions?
(A) Atlantic Coast and Midwest
(B) South and New England
(C) Pacific Coast and Gulf Coast
(D) Great Plains and Rocky Mountains

9. 8. Which document was issued primarily to prevent European nations from future colonization in Latin America?
(A) Jay Treaty (1795)
(B) Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
(C) Embargo Act (1807)
(D) Monroe Doctrine (1823)

10. 9. What compromise did Henry Clay propose for admitting Missouri to the Union?
(A) Admit Missouri as a free state and allow slavery in all other new states from that time forward
(B) Admit Missouri as a free state and Maine as a slave state
(C) Admit Missouri as a slave state and ban slavery in all other new states from that time forward
(D) Admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state

11. 10. The main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to:
(A) stake a claim to Mexican territory
(B) limit European influence in the Americas
(C) force the British out of the Oregon Territory
(D) establish full control over Canada

12. 11. President Jackson believed that the best way to handle land disputes between Native Americans and white settlers was to:
(A) deny white settlers rights to the disputed territories
(B) devise compromises in which whites and Native Americans shared the lands. 
(C) divide the lands evenly between the whites and the Native Americans.  (D) remove Indians entirely from lands sought by settlers. 

13. 12. Which Supreme Court decision is most closely associated with the Trail of Tears?
(A) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
(B) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
(C) Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
(D) Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)

14. 13. President Andrew Jackson used the spoils system to:
(A) attack the Tariff of Abominations
(B) reward supporters with United States government jobs
(C) win support for construction of the Erie Canal
(D) gain passage of the Indian Removal Act

15. 14. Under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall (1801–1835), the Supreme Court expanded the influence of the national government by:
(A) forcing states to grant relief from personal debt
(B) authorizing the president to use troops without congressional approval
(C) ending the importation of enslaved Africans
(D) strengthening federal powers over interstate commerce and banking

16. 15. The Erie Canal contributed to the development of the United States by:
(A) eliminating the need for railroads
(B) linking the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Coast
(C) becoming the major trade route to California
(D) allowing southern planters to ship their cotton westward

17. Tariffs Increase
Refresher: A tariff is a tax on imported goods to encourage the sale of American goods.
Tariff of 1816
Right after War of 1812 to encourage US industrialization in the North and strengthen US economy
1824 – Tariff rises (must pay even more for imported goods)
North – YAY more tariffs!
South – BOO more tariffs!

18. The Tariff of 1828 is an ABOMINATION!
Tariff of 1828 – the tariff increased even more!  South was furious!
John C. Calhoun nicknamed it “The Tariff of Abominations”
Calhoun – South Carolinian, War Hawk before War of 1812, Jackson’s VP
Abomination – disgust, hatred, disgrace, outrage

20. Tariff of 1828 Northern Point of View Foreign goods are more expensive
Americans buy more US goods
Northern industrial states profit from increased business

21. Tariff of 1828 Southern Point of View
Foreign goods are more expensive
Americans buy more US goods
European countries retaliate by NOT buying southern cotton
Southern states STILL buy Northern goods because they are cheaper due to the tariff
Economies of Southern states suffer while North gets richer
Southern Point of View

22. Problems in South Carolina
Cotton prices low
Planters and slaves moving to cheaper and more fertile western land (ex: Alabama)
SC started to wonder if Calhoun (Jackson’s VP) even cared about SC anymore
Don’t you care our problems?!
Do something about the Tariff of 1828!
YES I WILL!

23. The South Carolina Exposition
Written anonymously (but really by Calhoun)
Described the “nullification theory”
United States exists because the states agree to be unified.
The Constitution exists because the states established it together.
Each state has the right to reject or nullify a law that is unconstitutional.
If the federal government refuses to permit the nullification of a federal law, that state has the right to leave the Union (US).

24. Hayne-Webster Debates – January 1830
Senator Robert Hayne (SC)
Senator Daniel Webster (MA)
Anti-tariff
The federal government will cause the economic ruin of the South!
The federal government is violating the rights of people and the states!
Pro-tariff
The states cannot pick and choose which federal laws they will and will not obey.

25. Jackson (POTUS) vs. Calhoun (VP)
“Our Union: It must be preserved!”
“The Union, next to our liberty, the most dear.
May we all remember that it can only be preserved by respecting the rights of the States and distributing equally the benefit and burden of the United States.”
Election of 1832 – Calhoun resigned as VP, Jackson ran for POTUS with Van Buren as new VP

26. South Carolina Nullification Crisis
1832 – Congress passed ANOTHER tariff
SC – ENRAGED!
declared the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 unconstitutional, thus “null and void” in SC
Threatened to secede (leave) the Union if tax collectors tried to collect the extra taxes

27. South Carolina Nullification Crisis
Jackson – FURIOUS
Declared SC’s actions as TREASON!
Threatened to hang Calhoun
1833- Signed the Force Bill – allowed for any navy or military force against SC if refusing to pay taxes
Threatened to send federal troops to SC to collect taxes

28. Henry Clay Saves the Day
Henry Clay helped Congress pass a bill that would lower tariffs over 10 years
Temporary fix concerning states’ rights and sectionalism
Henry Clay - “The Great Compromiser”
American System
The Missouri Compromise
Calmed the South Carolina Nullification Crisis

29. TRUMP ARTICLE 1. What area are Trump fans heavily concentrated in?
ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS ON THE SAME SHEET AS THE WARM UP:
1. What area are Trump fans heavily concentrated in?
2. What does the electorate in Applachia represent?
3. What do voters in this region see in Trump?
4. Whose style does Trump’s campaign echo?
5. Provide 3 examples of how Trump’s campaign resembles the ideals of Jackson
6. How did both Trump and Jackson make their fortune?
7. Which Trump phrase could have also been used by Jackson?
8. How does Jackson’s upbringing differ from Trump’s?