1. Warm Up

2. Warm Up
Using the mRNA codon diagram determine what amino acids would match the following codons?
UGG
GAC
CAU
UCG

3. What happens when there are changes in genetics?
Mutations Notes
What happens when there are changes in genetics?

4. Mutations
Mutations are changes in DNA that affect genetic information- may be lethal, harmful, helpful, or have no effect on an organism
Example: inserting an incorrect base or skipping a nucleotide

5. Mutations Two Type of Mutations Gene mutations
Changes in 1 single gene
Chromosome mutations
Changes in whole chromosome

6. Gene Mutations There are different types of gene mutations
1st type is called a Point Mutation
These are when only 1 nucleotide is affected.
Example: Substitution
When 1 nucleotide is substitute for another
This only tends to alter 1 amino acid

8. Gene Mutations cont Another point mutation is Insertion
When an extra base/nucleotide is added
The last type of point mutation is Deletion
When a base/nucleotide is removed
Insertion and Deletion are Frameshift Mutations
This affects much more than 1 amino acid, it affects all amino acids after the mutation!

9. Gene Mutations cont
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion

10. Chromosome Mutations There are four types of Chromosome Mutations
Deletion
When part of the chromosome is lost or removed
Duplication
When part of the chromosome repeats itself
Inversion
When part of the chromosome gets reversed
Translocation
When part of one chromosome trades places with part of another chromosome.

11. Chromosome Mutations Cont.
Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation

13. Homework
Define vocabulary words on your learning targets sheet. Try to use multiple words in each sentence.