1. Rapid Methods for Microbes Identification
By : Lucia Dhiantika Witasari

4. RAPID METHODS AND AUTOMATION

5. A. Immunoassays for Rapid Detection of Pathogens
1. Immunofluorescence Method
 Commercially available specific fluorescence-conjugated antibodies (against somatic or flagellar antigens of a pathogen) are mixed with an enriched medium suspected to contain the specific pathogen, such as Salmonella  (antigen), on a glass slide.
2. RPLA (reversed passive latex agglutination) Method
 The antibody of a specific toxin is immobilized on latex particles that are then mixed with a sample preparation suspected to contain toxin (antigen) in wells of microtitration plates.
3. Immunoimmobilization Method
 For motile pathogens such as Salmonella  and Esc. coli O157:H7.
4. Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) or ELISA Methods
Salmonella, Lis. monocytogenes, and  Cam. jejuni.
5. Magnetic Immunobeads Method
to immunocapture the cells (antigen) of a specific pathogen present in a food suspension with the help of magnetic immunobeads. The immunobeads are plastic-covered ferrous beads coated with the specific antibody.
Lis. monocytogenes

9. ELISA

10. B. Nucleic Acid Probe for Detection of Pathogens
1. Hybridization Method
by hybridizing the target nucleic acid sequence to a synthetic oligonucleotide (probes or primers) which is complementary to the target sequence.
2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
3. MULTIPLEX PCR (mPCR)
4. REAL-TIME OR QUANTITATIVE PCR (qPCR)
5. NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCE-BASED AMPLIFICATION (NASBA)
By Compton (1991)
6. LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION (LAMP)
By Notomi et al. (2000)
7. Oligonucleotide DNA microarray