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Stars
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Star Classification Stars are classified using 3 main characteristics:
Size Temperature Brightness
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Size Neutron Stars the smallest about 20 km. in diameter
Ex. Crab Nebula
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Size White Dwarf about the size of Earth D = ~ 14,000 km. Ex. Sirius B
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Size Medium-Sized made mostly of hydrogen at very high temperatures (5,500 oC) and pressures Made of plasma D= ~1.4 million km. Ex. the Sun
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Size Giant Supergiant very large stars D = 14-140 million km.
Ex. Aldebaran Supergiant the largest of stars - D = million km. Ex. Betelgeuse
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Temperature The temperature of a star is indicated by the color it glows. Type of Star Color Surface Temp (oC) O Blue Above 25,000 B Blue-White 10,000 – 25,000 A White 7,500 – 10,000 F Yellow-White 6,000 – 7,500 G Yellow 5,000 – 6,000 K Orange 3,500 – 5,000 M Red Below 3,500
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Brightness Brightness of a star depends on its size, temperature, and its distance from Earth. -- Apparent magnitude: A star’s brightness as seen from Earth Measured with electronic devices --Absolute magnitude The brightness the star would have if it were at a standard distance from Earth
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