1. Cognitive Development Chapter 7 /Section 2
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2. When did you stop believing? Why did you stop believing?

3. Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
Stage 3:Concrete Operational Stage (Ages 7-11)
Child is able to use mental operations
Child is able to organize & manipulate information mentally
Better grasp of the physical world
Understand what is/is not possible
New abilities in conservation, classification and seriation
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4. Piaget’s Concrete Operations
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5. Children’s abilities in this stage
Able to understand conservation

6. Children’s abilities in this stage
classification: One object can be part of more than a cognitive group
Piaget would ask children, “Are there more orange flowers or more flowers?”
Child “ More flowers.”

7. Children’s abilities in this stage
Seriation: The ability to order items in a logical progression
Shorter to longer
Lighter to heavier
Lighter to darker
Quieter to louder
Rougher to smoother
Fast to slow

8. Children’s abilities in this stage
Seriate mentally
If Julia is taller than Anna and Anna is taller than Lynn, is Julia taller than Lynn?

9. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Children exhibit selective attention during middle childhood
More common in boys
ADHD includes problems of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness
For most, it persists into adolescence and adulthood
Possible causes: genes, prenatal environment, and brain differences
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10. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Difficulty following instructions
Difficulty waiting their turn
7% of children ages 4-10 are diagnosed
9/10 adolescents is diagnosed
70% of children improve academic performance/peer relations

11. Theories of Cognitive Development Information Processing/ADHD
ADHD treatments include
Medication, which can lead to some side effects Slower physical growth/higher risk of depression
Ritalin/Adderall
Behavioral therapy including parenting training
Most effective treatments include both
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12. Multiple Intelligence Test
Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences
Linguistic Intelligence
Logical-mathematical Intelligence
Spatial
Musical
Bodily-kinesthetic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
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13. Language Development Vocabulary, Grammar, and Pragmatics
Language development in middle childhood involves :
Vocabulary—after formal schooling vocabulary expands greatly
Grammar—becomes more complex and can be seen with use of conditional sentences
Pragmatics—improves to a degree and can be seen in the understanding of humor
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14. Language Development: Bilingualism LO 7.10 Growing Up Bilingual
Learning a second language does not interfere with mastering the primary language
It is easier to learn language in early childhood than later in life
Benefits of being bilingual
Better meta-linguistic skills—awareness of underlying structure of language
Higher scores on general cognitive abilities
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