1. Person New In Header Large Enterprise Use Case
BBC Media & AI
Large Enterprise Use Case
Luka Murn, Graduate R&D Engineer
11 April 2019
EOSC-hub Week 2019 | Prague
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2. Contents Introduction BBC R&D Video Compression
Use Case for High Performance Computing
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3. BBC Media & AI
Introduction

4. British Broadcasting Corporation
Oldest and largest national broadcaster in the world, established in 1922 with over 20,000 staff
96% of UK adults use BBC TV, radio or online each week
300 million requests for iPlayer, Internet streaming catch-up TV, each month
BBC Archives is one of the largest broadcast archives in the world with over 12 million items
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5. BBC Media & AI
BBC R&D

6. BBC Research & Development
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BBC Research & Development
At the forefront of developments in broadcast technology, from colour TV to High Definition TV
200+ highly specialist research engineers, scientists, designers and producers
Work on every aspect of the broadcast chain – Audiences, Production, Distribution, Programmes
Participate in many successful EC-funded projects and contribute to the setting of international standards
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7. Our Vision of the Future
A new broadcasting system with storytelling and IP at its core
Mass audience mobile services enabled by 4G & 5G broadcasting
Content tailored for individual’s circumstances, preferences and devices
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8. Enabling Technologies
Ultra High Definition TV (UHDTV) format will enhance users’ quality of experience
Spatial resolutions 3840×2160 (4K) and 7680x4320 (8K)
Frame rate up to 120 fps, extended colour gamut and bit depth up to 12 bits per pixel
UHD HD SD
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9. Enabling Technologies
4K UHD TV shipments exceeded 100m units, an increase by 32% in 2018
4K UHD TV market will continue to grow at a double-digit compound annual growth rate (CAGR) throughout its forecasting period to
BBC delivered FIFA World Cup 2018, Wimbledon 2018 and the Royal Wedding in UHD HDR
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1Source: Futuresource, 2018

10. Enabling Technologies
Distribution of high resolution video content to a large number of users requires transmission of extremely large amounts of data
Only made possible by the application of video codecs that reduce the size of content sufficiently to be stored and distributed on a mass scale.
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11. BBC Media & AI
Video Compression

12. Video compression standards
H.265 / HEVC – High Efficiency Video Coding
Current state-of-the-art ITU-T / MPEG standard for video compression.
Targets all previous applications (low resolution) right up to UHD
AV1 – AOMedia Video 1
Developed by the Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia).
Aims to provide a royalty-free video coding specification
VVC – Versatile Video Coding
Since April standard under development by ITU-T/MPEG (beyond HEVC).
The goal is to reduce the bitrate by 50% compared to HEVC
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13. Joint Video Experts Team (JVET)
Founded in April 2015
Tasked with developing a new video coding standard - VVC
Contributors:
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14. Versatile Video Coding
Performance results
Subjective evaluation on a UHD sequence
RD curves used for comparison (PSNR and Mean Opinion Score - MOS).
HM – HEVC test model
JEM – experimental software, basis for VVC
“An Overview of Recent Video Coding Developments in MPEG and AOMEDIA” in Proc. IBC 2018, Sept (DOI: /zenodo )
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15. BBC R&D’s Video Coding team
Contributes to development of both HEVC and VVC standards
Performs core fundamental research, looking at new ways of performing compression based on Artificial Intelligence and content analytics
Media & AI
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Video Compression Research
Video Coding
Standardisation
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16. COGNITUS H2020
End-to-end platform to aggregate User Generated Content (UGC) during events, enhance to Ultra- High Definition (UHD) quality and provide semantic enrichment to facilitate the smooth integration in broadcast productions
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17. JOLT H2020 Harnessing digital and data technology for journalism
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JOLT H2020
Harnessing digital and data technology for journalism
Optimization of quality of delivered video
Advances in ML application to large video content databases
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18. Use Case for High Performance Computing
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Use Case for High Performance Computing

19. Compression vs. Complexity
Raw RGB video, 10 bits per pixel, 2160p60 = Gb/s
Highest average broadband speed in Europe (2017/18) = 46 Mbit/s (Sweden)1
Fast implementation can drastically compromise the compression efficiency
Advances in ML/AI open numerous new ways to improve compression further
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1Source: Cable.co.uk and M-Lab, 2018

20. CPU Resources
Video coding is a CPU- intense process, parallelizing processes is a must
Longest encoding run time of 1 test point = 4.8 days
Encoding run time of all test points = days
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21. GPU Resources
Machine learning algorithms see increased use in broadcast scenarios (video content adaptation, enhancement, production, quality evaluation, delivery)
Training 1 shallow neural network with a UHD sequence on 1 consumer GPU = 0.5 days
Training 1 deep neural network with a UHD sequence on 1 consumer GPU = 0.8 days
ML is heuristics-based = need for multiple network configuration testing
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22. Our reasons for involvement
A requirement to create a new broadcasting infrastructure
Need for a flexible, transparent, provider-independent, auto-scalable solution, deployed over either private or public infrastructures
Dynamic inspection and setup change based on performance
Scalability testing
Large size of digital media libraries makes it very important to provide guidance as to the level of resources needed
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23. www.bbc.co.uk/rd Email: luka.murn@bbc.co.uk Twitter: @BBCRD
Thank you
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