1. Orthographic Projection:
Orthographic Projection is a way of drawing an object from different directions.
Usually a front, side and plan view are drawn so that a person looking at the drawing can see all the important sides.
Orthographic drawings are useful especially when a design has been developed to a stage whereby it is almost ready to manufacture.
However, before we start this drawing we have to have an understanding of a few basic rules.
Always draw horizontal lines with the aid of the T Square.
Always draw vertical lines with the aid of a Set Square.
A ruler is only to be used for measuring along lines.
Do NOT use a rubber. If you make a mistake don’t worry, just remember not to do it again.

2. The Plan
This is the view looking directly down on top of the object.
The Front Elevation
We are looking straight on at the front of the object.
(This view normally carries the most dimensions.)
The End Elevation
This is either or sometimes both the remaining side views.

3. The final drawing is laid out below. Note:
The PLAN is always drawn above the elevation.
The END ELEVATION(S) are always drawn to the left and/or right of the ELEVATION
Plan
End elevation
Plan
Elevation
End elevation
Isometric view
Ground line
End elevation
Elevation
End elevation

4. Example
Plan x
End elevation
Elevation
End elevation