2. Smart Manipulation of Motor-Protein Movement
Using light
Nano Letters, 2001, 1 (5), pp 235–239
ACS Nano, 2014, 8 (5), pp 4157–4165
Using electric field
Using ATP analogue
Nano Lett., 2008, 8 (12), pp 4217–4220
Chem. Commun., 2013,49,

3. pH-responsive ATP supply system
CaCO3 microspheres
ATP
Oxygen scavenger
in motility experiment as pH inducer
pH induced ATP release
Multi-layer CaCO3 microspheres were synthesized by using CaCl2 and Na2CO3 solutions and coated with multi-layer film through layer by layer assembly

4. Properties of CaCO3 microspheres

5. Properties of CaCO3 microspheres

6. pH Triggered ATP Release in Motility Assay
Motility in absence of Scavenger mixture

8. Conclusion
Successfully employed the assembled CaCO3 microspheres as pH response ATP carriers. After incubating with ATP, these microspheres were used as energy source to power the kinesin-microtubule system.
These microspheres can be further used to load other cargo besides ATP to work as self powered cargo delivery nano-machines