1. The Civil War Turning Point
Gettysburg
The Civil War Turning Point

2. Lincoln & McClellan shortly after the Battle of Antietam
Road to Gettysburg
After Antietam, General McClellan failed to finish off a retreating General Lee
Pres. Lincoln was frustrated by this and had him replaced
Lincoln eventually replaced his replacement with General Joseph Hooker
Hooker’s army fought at Chancellorsville where General “Stonewall” Jackson was mistakenly shot by his own men
Gen. “Stonewall” Jackson
General Joseph Hooker

3. Center: Jackson, Beauregard, and Lee
Lee’s Northern Push
Despite the tragic loss of “Stonewall” Jackson, Lee pressed into Penn.
Lee had many ideas of what victories in the North would bring
Talks of peace
Fuel Northern discontent with the war
Would lead to diplomatic recognition of the Confederacy from Europe
Assistance to the Confederacy from Europe
Center: Jackson, Beauregard, and Lee

4. Gettysburg Campaign
Union
Confederacy

5. General Meade’s HQ @ Cemetery Hill in Gettysburg
Battle of Gettysburg
Fighting lasted 3 days on the hills and fields around Gettysburg, PA
July 1-3, 1863
90,000 Union troops were commanded by Gen. George Meade
75,000 Confederate troops were commanded by Gen. Robert E. Lee
Union troops tried to hold their ground on Cemetery Ridge, south of the town
General Meade’s Cemetery Hill in Gettysburg

6. Day Gettysburg

7. Day Gettysburg

8. Day 3 @ Gettysburg Turning point of the battle comes on this day
Lee ordered General George Pickett to directly attack the Union line
Pickett’s Charge
Approx. 13,000 rebel troops charge the ridge
Thousands died and the Confederates retreat

9. Confederate Retreat Union expected a counterattack that never came
Lincoln was again angered that his generals to not finish off Lee’s army
Union lost 23,000 men
Confederate casualties equal 28,000 and he leads his men back to Virginia
Confederates never again cross the Union border
Remain on the defensive for remainder of the war

10. Gettysburg Address November 1863
Dedicate cemetery for those killed in the battle
Lincoln was not the key speaker
Key guy spoke for 2 hours
Lincoln’s address was 2 minutes
Included African Americans in the term “all men are created equal”
“It is for us the living…to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us…that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.”