1. Pre-Revolutionary Society Long Term Causes Short Term Causes Aftermath
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society
Long Term Causes
Short Term Causes
Aftermath

2. Pre-Revolutionary Society Professional people, peasants and laborers
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society
Clergy
Nobles
Professional people, peasants and laborers

3. Pre-Revolutionary Society Professional people, peasants and laborers
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society
Clergy
Nobles
Professional people, peasants and laborers
First Estate
Second Estate
Third Estate

4. Pre-Revolutionary Society Professional people, peasants and laborers
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society
Clergy
Nobles
Professional people, peasants and laborers
First Estate
Second Estate
Third Estate
Largest part of population paid greatest % in taxes
Smallest part of the population least % in taxes

5. Pre-Revolutionary Society Land Ownership
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society Land Ownership
10%
20%
70%

6. Pre-Revolutionary Society Land Ownership
French Revolution
Pre-Revolutionary Society Land Ownership
10%
20%
70%
3rd Estate
1st Estate
2nd Estate

7. French Revolution Long Term Causes King Louis XVI --ruled from 1774
to 1792
--weak and indecisive,
lacked self-confidence
Upf.edu

8. French Revolution
Long Term Causes Economy --Controller General Jacques Turgot believed in the Enlightenment philosophy of laissez-faire. --removed restrictions on grain and abolished the guilds --didn’t have the peasants work on the royal roads, no corvee labor.

9. French Revolution
Long Term Causes Deficit Financing --Variation on taxation from town to town --Exceptions for privileged groups --Taxes paid on commercial activity by consumers

10. French Revolution
Unjust Legal System --The king could imprison anyone for any reason for any period of time --A person could remain in jail without trial

11. War --French and Indian War --American Revolution
French Revolution
War --French and Indian War --American Revolution

12. French Revolution Estates General King Louis XVI (ruled 1774-1792)
Needs to raise money to support
The government

13. He calls together the first session of the Estates General
French Revolution
Estates General
How does he do it?
He calls together the first session of the Estates General
since 175 years in May 1789.

14. Estates General

15. French Revolution Estates General How were the delegates selected?
The king invites citizens to meet and elect delegates in their local parishes to district local assemblies and to draft petitions (cahiers) views.

16. French Revolution Estates General What did these Cahiers say?
Most spoke of local ills, high taxes. Very few spoke of natural rights or sovereignty. Some demanded a constitution, feudalism and regional privileges abolished.

17. Each Estate had only one vote
French Revolution
Estates General
How was it set up?
First Estate—300 Representatives
Second Estate—300 Representatives
Third Estate—300 Representatives
Each Estate had only one vote

18. Result National Assembly June 17, 1789
The Third Estate withdraws and forms the National Assembly. They want to
limit the power of the king and more rights for the common people

19. Tennis Court Oath
Members of the Third Estate moved indoors to a Tennis
court and vowed not to separate until they had given
France a constitution.

20. Tennis Court Oath

21. Tennis Court Oath

22. King Louis XVI’s Response
French Revolution
King Louis XVI’s Response
He finally addresses all the delegates on
June 23, 1789.
However, the king threatens to arrest the
National assembly.

23. The Bastille

24. National Assembly’s Response
French Revolution
National Assembly’s Response
July 14, 1789
Peasants storm the Bastille, a jail in Paris not to free prisoners, but they were looking for weapons.
Consequently, the peasants burn all the tax records.
The Revolution has begun.

25. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
What happens to King Louis XVI?
--France was at war with Prussia in early 1792.
--In Prussia, Francis II comes to power. He tries
to influence politics because Marie Antionette
is his aunt. He also wants territory.

26. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
1792--The revolution was in full force.
There were two factions:
Revolutionists and
Radicals
The radicals were called Jacobins. They started out as
a political club in Paris. They believed in establishing
liberty by coercion.

27. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
What happens to King Louis XVI?
--The Legislative Assembly orders refractory
clergy arrested and 20,000 national
guardsman to protect Paris. Louis vetoes both
measures.

28. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
What happens to King Louis XVI?
Jacobins seize power on August 10, They storm the Palace at Tuileries and drive the king from the throne.
Digital.library.northwestern.edu

29. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
What happens to King Louis XVI?
--Louis XVI is guillotined on January 21, 1793 for treason, plotting with the Austria and Prussia.

30. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
Maximilien Robespierre
( )
--Takes over in France and institutes two laws:
Law of Maxium
General price controls
Law of Suspects
Imprison citizens whose loyalty they suspected
Mountholyoke.edu

31. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
Maximilien Robespierre
( )
All of his policies led to the Reign of Terror and the 12-Man Committee on Public Safety which was interested in looking for threats against the revolution.
One example of this was the drowning of priests at Nantes and the execution of 200 citizens at Lyons.

32. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
Maximilien Robespierre and the Reign of Terror

33. The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins
After the death of Robespierre, France was ruled by a Directory It was a five-man executive group and had a two-house legislature. They were unable to fix France’s financial problems. As a result Napoleon takes over in France.