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DNA Identification: Biology and Information

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Presentation on theme: "DNA Identification: Biology and Information"— Presentation transcript:

1 DNA Identification: Biology and Information
Mark W Perlin, PhD, MD, PhD Cybergenetics, Pittsburgh, PA Continuing Legal Education Duquesne University October, 2010 Cybergenetics © Cybergenetics ©

2 DNA cell nucleus

3 DNA chromosomes cell nucleus

4 DNA chromosomes cell nucleus locus

5 DNA chromosomes cell nucleus alleles locus Short Tandem Repeat (STR)

6 DNA chromosomes cell nucleus alleles locus Short Tandem Repeat (STR)
genotype 7, 8

7 Identification Biological evidence

8 Identification Lab Biological evidence Questioned data

9 Identification Lab Infer Biological evidence Questioned data
Questioned genotype Q 10, 12

10 Identification Lab Infer Biological evidence Questioned data
Questioned genotype Q 10, 12 Compare Suspect genotype S 10, 12

11 Identification Lab Infer Biological evidence Questioned data
Questioned genotype Q 10, 12 Compare Suspect genotype S Prob(identification) = Prob(suspect matches evidence) = 1 10, 12

12 Biological population
Coincidence Biological population

13 Biological population
Coincidence Lab Biological population Allele frequency data 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

14 Coincidence Lab Infer Biological population Allele frequency data
Population genotype R 10, 12 @ 5% 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Genotype product rule, combines alleles Prob(10, 12) = 2p10p12 Prob(10, 10) = p10p10

15 Biological population
Coincidence Lab Infer Biological population Allele frequency data Population genotype R 10, 12 @ 5% Compare 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Suspect genotype S 10, 12

16 Biological population
Coincidence Lab Infer Biological population Allele frequency data Population genotype R 10, 12 @ 5% Compare 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Suspect genotype S Prob(coincidence) = Prob(suspect matches population) = 5% 10, 12

17 Information Likelihood ratio At the suspect's genotype,
identification vs. coincidence? after (evidence) Prob(identification) data Prob(coincidence) before (population) Likelihood ratio

18 Information At the suspect's genotype, identification vs. coincidence?
after (evidence) Prob(suspect matches evidence) data Prob(suspect matches population) before (population)

19 Information At the suspect's genotype, identification vs. coincidence?
after (evidence) Prob(suspect matches evidence) 100% data = Prob(suspect matches population) 5% before (population) = 20

20 Uncertainty Biological evidence +

21 Uncertainty Lab Biological evidence Questioned data +

22 Uncertainty Lab Infer Biological evidence Questioned data
Questioned genotype Q 10, 50% 11, 30% 12, 20% +

23 Uncertainty Lab Infer Biological evidence Questioned data
Questioned genotype Q 10, 50% 11, 30% 12, 20% + Compare Suspect genotype S 10, 12

24 Information Likelihood ratio At the suspect's genotype,
identification vs. coincidence? after (evidence) Prob(identification) data Prob(coincidence) before (population) Likelihood ratio

25 Information At the suspect's genotype, identification vs. coincidence?
after (evidence) Prob(suspect matches evidence) 50% data = Prob(suspect matches population) 5% before (population) = 10

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