1. Chapter 26
Birds

2. Which of the following structures is found only in birds
(a) wings (b) beak (c) four-chambered heart (d) feathers

3. D. Feathers

4. Fossils have been found that show close evolutionary links between
(a) birds and fish (b) birds and reptiles (c) birds and bats (d) birds and amphibians

5. B birds and reptiles

6. How are bird’s bones adapted for flight?
(a) they are thin and wide (b) they are flexible (c) they are hollow (d) they are made of cartilage

7. C they are hollow

8. Which of the following does not have a four chambered heart?
(a) Alligator (b) ostrich (c) king cobra (d) hummingbird

9. C king cobra

10. One importance birds have in the biosphere is that they
destroy seed crops
(b) disperse seeds of some plants
(c) add interesting decorations to cars
(d) control the populations of deer

11. B disperse seeds

12. . What is the earliest known fossil with identifiable feathers?
(a) Archaeopteryx (b) Pterodactyl (c)Dodo Bird (d) Pterosaurus

13. A. Archaeopteryx

14. What group of birds displays the greatest range of adaptations?
(a) waterfowl (b) game birds (c) birds of prey (d) perching songbirds

15. D perching songbirds

16. Birds are called endotherms because they
generate their own body heat
(b) are cold blooded
(c) can survive in warm climates
(d) can survive at high altitudes

17. A. generate their own body heat

18. Birds do not have a
(a) gizzard (b) furcula (c) crop (d) urinary bladder

19. D. urinary bladder

20. The fused bones in bird’s skeleton eliminates the need for
(a) bone marrow (b) ligaments (c) blood vessels (d) muscles

21. B. Ligaments

22. Which part of the amniotic egg decreases in size as the embryo grows?
(a) chorion (b) allantois (c) yolk (d) Psdeopod

23. C. Yolk

24. An important ecological role of the hummingbirds is
dispersing seeds
(b) controlling insect population
(c) pollinating plants
(d) disposing of dead animals

25. C. pollinating plants

26. What is unique about the respiratory system of birds?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
(b) Birds lack a trachea
(c) The airflow is one way
(d) Birds have only one lung

27. C. The airflow is one way

28. Birds probably evolved from

29. Reptiles

30. The Triassic period was how many millions of years ago?

31. 225

32. The fossil record for birds is incomplete because ____________ and ____________ of birds do not fossilize well.

33. Bones and feathers

34. The earliest fossil animal known to have feathers was ____________.

35. Archaeopteryx

36. Birds evolved rapidly following the extinction of the ____________.

37. Dinosaurs

38. The feathers of birds may have evolved as an adaptation for retaining ________________________

39. body heat

40. Although they share many characteristics with reptiles, birds are the only animals that have ____________.

41. Feathers

42. Except for bats, birds are the only vertebrates that has ____________.

43. Wings

44. Birds belong the class ____________.

45. Aves

46. Describe three reason why some scientists feel that birds evolved from reptiles
2 pts for each correct one, -1 for each incorrect one.
Final Questions next

47. Scales and feathers made of same material—keratin Both have large eye sockets 4 toed foot Pubis bone inverted (one of three bones that makes the pelvic bone)

48. Describe three structural adaptations that birds have for flight?

49. Feathers
Hollow bones
Reproductive organs shrink when not in use
No urinary bladder
Fused bones

50. Why must an egg shell be porous?

51. To allow oxygen in and carbon dioxide out

52. What is the advantage of a one-way flow of air through a bird’s respiratory systems?

53. It has a constant supply of oxygen rich blood even when it exhales.

54. Know how the following function in birds.
Beak-
Countour feather –
 Gizzard–
  Wings –
  Crop-
  Feet-
 Hollow Bones—
 Crosshatching in bones—
 Down Feathers—
 Nest—