1. Major Theorists of Child Development

2. Sigmund Freud
Childhood experiences affect adult life.

3. Maria Montessori Children learn through senses
They need objects to manipulate
Founder of “Montessori” schools

4. Arnold Gesell
Developed basic information about sequence and rate of child development.

5. Jean Piaget
Children go through 4 stages of learning.

6. Erik Erikson Personality develops in stages. Trust Guilt Hard work
Taking care of others

7. B.F. Skinner Effects of positive and negative reinforcement
(Rewards and punishments)

8. Albert Bandura
Children learn by modeling.
Parents and caregivers must provide good examples.

9. Robert coles
Caregivers examples help children in moral development.

10. Lev Vygotsky
Children should have many opportunities for social interaction to develop intellectually.

11. Howard Gardner 1943-
Multiple Intelligences: Linguistic, Logical-mathematical, Musical, Bodily-kinesthetic, Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalist, Existential, Moral

12. Urie Bronfenbrenner Environmentalist Theory:
Microsystem-daily environment of child
Mesosystem-connections between home & school
Exosystem-outside environment-parent workplace
Macrosystem-larger environment such as country

13. Lawrence Kolhberg (3rd from left)
3 levels of moral development:
Child follows rules because of authority figure.
Adult abides rules because society expects it.
Adults make moral choices because they care about others-some never reach this level!

14. THE END