1. Psychological Effects of ageing

3. Ministers consider council tax rise to Cover social care funding (BBC, 2016)
Councils only fund services for the poorest, with those with assets of more than £23,250 expected to pay the full cost of care themselves.
Council spending on care has fallen by 9% in real terms over the past five years with local government blaming cuts to their funding from central government.
Services for older people have been particularly badly hit.
The number of people getting help from their council with care fell by 26% to 850,000 in the four years to 2014
More than 1.2m people with care needs now receive no formal or informal help
Care firms, which provide the services for councils, are pulling out of home care contracts
The number of care home and nursing home places has fallen by 1,500 in the past six years to 16,600
Regulators have warned these cuts have started adding to pressures in the NHS with A&E units said to be bearing the brunt.
Old and frail patients are being admitted because of the lack of community support, which is also being blamed for the growing number of delayed discharges - cases where patients are ready to leave hospital but cannot.

4. M3
Read page 167
What do the following theorists argue about the psychological changes with ageing?
Cumming
Erikson
Coleman
Heim

5. Definitions Self esteem It is the way a person views himself/herself.
A positive view of self promotes health and enables the person to cope better with the changes and challenges of growing older.
Confidence
Belief in ones ability

6. Psychological effects of ageing
Role changes
Loss of partner
Ageism
Effects of retirement
Increased leisure time
Financial constraints
Culture and belief
One minute to think/discuss what each of these might involve

7. Role Changes
The grandparent role is generally one that brings great satisfaction and contentment.
Loss of family/friends
1 in 5 experience a degree of isolation
Older people often engage more in politics

8. Loss of a partner
A common event that alters family life for the aged is the death of a spouse.
The spousal role composed of many sub roles, such as companion, sexual partner, confidante, cook, house-keeping, and care provider.
Loss of spouse is a highly stressful experience. Death of a spouse affects more women than men because most older men will marry again
This can lead to isolation an depression

9. Ageism and Age Discrimination
Stereotyping/ labelling/ prejudice
“unable” “ useless” “ill”
Age Discrimination- Not being treated fairly in health/social care
Access to treatment (article example)
Restricted services
Marginalisation
Abuse- neglect

10. Retirement A change in work role comes with retirement.
It changes the way time is managed and daily activities are carried out.
Retirement alters identity, status, financial problem, lack of self-satisfaction and self-esteem and sometimes friendships.
17/4/2011
Dr Soad Hassan

11. Increased leisure time
Older people may engage more in physical leisure activities such as walking and travelling
Some older people may also engage in new college courses such as ICT
The grandparent role is generally one that brings great satisfaction and contentment.

12. Financial Concerns
Majority of over 65s own their own home and do have savings
Only 1 in 5 older people live in poverty
However most individuals may not have a private pension and may have concerns about coping financially

13. Culture, Religion and Beliefs
The way individuals respond to physical changes
Attitudes and beliefs are influenced by culture and religion
E.g Religious beliefs may help with loss
Some individuals can maintain a positive outlook whereas others may become depressed or withdrawn

14. Introduction Relevant introduction clearly relating to the question
Definition (Quote) and explanation (your own) of key words
Definition and explanation of self esteem and self confidence. Examples of …………..

15. Physical effects.
Clearly described some of the physical effects of ageing (maturation) . Here there should be clear evidence of secondary sources.
So if you are relating changes to illness/conditions research on NHS or charity website.

16. Physical effects could be……..
Skin
Bones
Joints
Muscles
Senses
Organs
And their Psychological effects
Personal Confidence
Low Self esteem
Eriksen- Loss of ego integrity (sense of your self)
Remember there may be positive and negative effects

17. Consideration of other effects on Psychology
Role changes
Loss of partner
Ageism
Effects of retirement
Increased leisure time
Financial constraints

18. Conclusion
Relate back to question and state your view on how the physical changes will impact on your chosen person.