1. Lesson Starter
Draw a picture and write a description of the particles in: a) A solid b) A liquid c) A gas

2. What’s the matter?
So far..

3. To investigate change of state
Learning Intention
To investigate change of state

4. Liquids turn into solids?
What word describes..
Solids turn into liquids?
Liquids turn into solids?

5. Apparatus Goggles Bunsen Burner Tripod Beaker Test tube Dropper
Cotton wool
Nail varnish remover
Beaker of crushed ice

6. Method Light your Bunsen burner and leave it on the safety flame
Measure 100 mls of water into your beaker
Place beaker on tripod stand and heat using the flame from the Bunsen until it boils then TURN THE BUNSEN OFF
Put 5 drops of nail varnish remover into the test tube
Bung the top of the test tube loosely
Sit the test tube in the warm water and watch what happens
Take the test tube out of the water and run it under the cold tap- what happens?

7. What did you see?
What did you see when you heated the nail varnish remover?
What does this tell you about heating a liquid?
What did you see when you cooled the test tube?
What does this tell you about cooling a gas?

8. Can particles help us understand what happens during state changes?

9. I think the particles are the same, they just move differently
No, there are different kinds of particle in solid candle wax and melted candle wax
Gary
I think the particles are the same, they just move differently
David

10. In order to move particles need ENERGY
Changing state
When an object changes state- the particles all remain the exact same- they just move differently
In order to move particles need ENERGY

11. Energy If particles are given more energy- they can move faster
Take away the energy and the particles move slower

12. Solid to liquid Heating provides energy and particles move faster
Particles in a solid move faster they can break free from solid and flow into a liquid
Particles in a liquid have more energy and have moved apart from each other

13. Liquid to Solid
Cooling a substance causes the particles to move slower
Particles can no longer move freely- solid

14. Liquid to Gas
Heating liquids provide enough energy for the particles to break free and leave the surface of the liquid
They become a gas
The particles are fast moving and have lots of space

15. Gas to Liquid Cooling the gas causes the particles to slow down
Gas turns back to liquid

16. Evaporation and Condensation (copy)
When a liquid is heated up, the particles gain more energy. They spread out and become a gas. This is called EVAPORATION.
When the gas particles are cooled, they lose energy and get closer together. This is called CONDENSATION.