1. BIO 4320 – marine algers systematikk og økologi
Divisjon EUGLENOPHYTA
klasse Euglenophyceae
euglenophytes - øyealger

2. Euglenophyta
1 (3) classes
Freshwater and marine
2/3 hetrotrophic
>40 genera
species

3. karaktertrekk Hetero- and autotrophic flagellates with pellicula
flagella from pocket (canal + reservoir)
chloroplasts with 3 membranes
mitochondria with stalked cristae
Chlorophylls a+b

4. Main characteristics
stigma
reservoir
Pellicula-strips
nucleus

5. pellicula
70% protein

6. Euglenoid movements

7. Eutreptiella braarudii
paramylon center N p

8. Eutreptiella braarudii
fase kontrast

9. Eutreptiella braarudii
paramylon korn
eyespot
pellicular stripes
nucleus
flagellar proximal part
øyeflekk
flagell proximal del
kjerne
pellicula striper
Eutreptiella braarudii

10. canal/reservoir stigma/flagellar swelling

11. Mitochondria with stalked cristae

12. chloroplast paramylon Secondary endosymbiosis green algal origin
Chlorphylls a+b, membranes, 3 thylakoid/lamell,
Paramylon outside chloroplast
paramylon
chloroplast

13. opplagsnæring Paramylon, solid β 1.3 glucan Occurs
Outside the chloroplast
As pyrenoid shield
As grains in cytoplasma

14. flagella One row of long (2-3 μm) fine hairs
Light sensitive flagellar swelling
paraxial rod (”striated strand”)
2, 4, 8 or more flagella

15. cell devision
Closed mitosis, spindel inside nuclear membrane, condensed chromosoms
Cytokinesen by clevage furrow, starts apically

16. Three genera from brackish and marine waters

17. Phacus
Trachelomonas

18. Heterotrophic genera
Dinema
Entomosiphon
Petalomonas

19. Euglena acus bloom in farm pond

20. Euglenoazoa
Urceolus
Dinema littoralis
Ploetia vitrea

21. Habitats Only a few planktonic genera/species
On surfaces; air-water, sediment-vann (sandy shores, mud flats)
Redusering environments (low oxygen)
ponds, marshes,

22. Occurence Single cells, the majority
Lorica, mineralised (iron oxids, mangan forbindelser)
Reproduction – binary fission
Resting cyst, non-motile with thick wall

24. euglenophyta Cellcovering – pellicula
Flagella - with hairs, from pocket
mitochondria – stalked cristae
chloroplasts – 3 membranes
Storage product – paramylon