1. How do nuclei rotate?
5. Appearance of bands

2. Deformed mean field solutions
This is clearly the case for a well deformed nucleus.
Deformed nuclei show regular rotational bands.
Spherical nuclei have irregular spectra.

4. E2 radiation
M1 radiation

6. Magnetic rotation

7. Shears mechanism
Most of interaction is due
to polarization of the core.
TAC calculations describe
the phenomenon.

8. TAC
Measurements confirmed the length of the parallel
component of the magnetic moment.

9. Antimagnetic rotation
Ferromagnet
Anti-Ferromagnet
Magnetic rotor
Antimagnetic rotor

11. Magnetic rotor Antimagnetic rotor
large B(M1) (transversal no B(M1) (transversal
magnetic moment ) magnetic moment)
decreases with I
small B(E2) (deformation)
decreases with I
Substantial moment of inertia

13. Band termination

14. termination

18. The nature of nuclear rotational bands
The experimentalist’s definition of rotational bands:
Requirements for the mean field:

19. D Terminating bands deformation super normal weak axes ratio (d)
1: (0.6)
1: (0.3)
1: (0.1)
mass
150
180
200 1
1/2
1/7 2 4 20 8 60 30 D
0.005
0.03
0.05

21. Classical periodic orbits in a deformed potential

22. Summary
Breaking of rotational symmetry does not always mean substantial deviation of the density distribution from sphericity.
Magnetic rotors have a non-spherical arrangement of current loops. They represent the quantized rotation of a magnetic dipole.
The angular momentum is generated by the shears mechanism.
Antimagnetic rotors are like magnetic ones, without a net magnetic moment and signature symmetry.
Bands terminate when all angular momentum of the valence nucleons is aligned.
The current loops of the valence orbits determine the current pattern and the moment of inertia.