1. IT concepts: Internetwork
TCP/IP history
Skills: none
IT concepts: Internetwork
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2. The TCP/IP history Internet concepts Applications Technology (TCP/IP)
Implications for
Individuals
Organizations
Society
Internet skills
Application development
Content creation
Text
Images
Audio
Video

3. The vision
Vannevar Bush’s “memex” from As We May Think, 1945

4. The vision
“In a few years, men will be able to communicate more effectively through a machine than face to face”.
“What will on-line interactive communities be like? ... They will be communities not of common location, but of common interest. In each field, the overall community of interest will be large enough to support a comprehensive system of field-oriented programs and data”.
Licklider and Taylor, On-Line Man Computer Communication, 1968 (revision of a 1962 conference paper)

5. The vision
Doug Engelbart, 1968, demonstrating systems designed to augment human intelligence (begun in 1962)

6. The ARPANet -- December 5, 1969
Connected dissimilar computers, not networks
Like a widely dispersed local area network
Like a LAN with Macs and Windows PCs

7. TCP/IP motivation
ARPA wanted to connect several separate, dissimilar networks to create an internetwork.
Figure from the paper referenced in the following slide.
Above is a figure from the paper proposing TCP, an internetworking protocol …

8. A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication,” IEEE Trans on Comms, Vol Com-22, No 5 May 1974.
Kahn, Robert E.; Cerf, Vinton G. "A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication", 1974 IEEE. Reprinted, with permission, from IEEE Trans on Comms, Vol Com-22, No 5, May 1974.
Vinton G. Cerf
Robert E. Kahn

9. TCP demonstration, October 1977
Interconnected three networks: ARPANet, SATNet, and the San Francisco Bay area packet radio network

10. TCP/IP milestones
March 1978, TCP split into TCP and IP because packet voice applications required fast transport without error checking (UDP)
January , ARPAnet converts to TCP/IP, and splits into Milnet for operational applications and ARPANet for research
1985, The U.S. National Science Foundation initiates the NSFNET program with the goal of connecting all US and many foreign universities
1986, NSF deploys a six node network with 56 Kbps links using TCP/IP
Which day was the “birth of the Internet?”

11. Other early protocols IBM System Network Architecture, 1974
Digital Equipment Corporation DECNet, 1975
International Organization for Standardization model, 1978

12. Cool historic video
Computer Networks – Robert Kahn describing the ARPANet, J. C. R. Licklidder on motivation and applications, and others.
The Demo, Douglas Engelbart demonstrates personal computer and networking prototypes that inspired generations of products and research