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Life at Home during the Cold War

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1 Life at Home during the Cold War

2 GI Bill WWII vets were given money for college, land, houses, businesses; unemployment for up to a year Baby Boom – Returning vets married and started families Consumer demand skyrocketed Many Americans forced to save money during WWII because there weren’t any products to buy Women were pressured to leave WWII jobs Executive Order 9981 – Desegregated the military

3 ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license. The Baby Boom

4 Changing Values Abroad
50 countries joined together to form the United Nations (UN) to work for world peace and prosperity Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Outlawed torture, slavery, guaranteed basic education World Bank and International Monetary Fund – Loaned money to poor countries and encouraged global trade

5 A Fractured Society?

6 Rocking 50’s Images showed a time of great prosperity and happiness for most Americans Jonas Salk developed a vaccine for Polio Transistors improved electronics, 1948 UNIVAC 1st Commercial Computer, 1951 Took up an entire room 1st Computer chip 1958

7 Govt. spent billions creating / improving interstate highway system
Suburbs sprung up across the country; live the American dream Historically viewed as a very happy, prosperous time Leave it to Beaver Baby Boom

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10 A Culture of Rebellion Most images of American life were very similar, idealistic, but not reality Picture any old family sit-com Suburbs breed conformity, Office work destroys individuality Teenagers (art) rebel James Dean, Elvis Presley

11 Beatniks (Jack Kerouac) – Counter Culture (Drugs)
Kenneth Galbraith – Americans are too concerned with wealth Michael Harrington – Fought to stop poverty

12 2nd Red Scare

13 2nd Red Scare Intense paranoia or fear of communist influence in America Soviets successfully tested an atomic bomb in 1949 Mao Zedong led a communist revolution in China House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) – Investigated communism across America Taft-Hartley Act – Reduced labor union power Fear unions were being taken over by communists Business owners increased fears so they could profit as unions were weakened.

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15 Spy Cases – Hysteria swept the US over fears of Soviet spies
Alger Hiss, Karl Fuchs, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (executed) McCarran and Smith Acts – Crime to call for the downfall of the US govt. & communist groups had to register with the govt. Hollywood Ten – Widespread fear that Hollywood was pro-communism Hundreds lost their jobs, temporarily

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18 “It’s Ok we’re hunting communists!”

19 McCarthyism Wisconsin Senator, Joseph McCarthy, who came to fame for leading the communist witch hunt Claimed the US govt. had been overrun by commies Claimed to have a list of 250 know communists in US govt., never produced list Ruined hundreds of careers, with little to no proof Fell from power when he accused the US Army of protecting “the reds”

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