1. Plans S as an inflexion point for OA: how momentum in Europe will have global effects
Martin Borchert,
Chair, Executive Committee, Australasian Open Access Strategy Group (AOASG)
@openaccess_anz

2. AOASG in 2019 advocating to make Australasian research Open & FAIR
Nineteen universities in Australia and CONZUL in NZ
CC Australia an d Tohatoha are members

3. AOASG leadership AOASG Executive Committee (elected 2018):
Martin, UNSW (Chair)
Donna McRostie, University of Melbourne
Scott Nicholls, UWA
Maureen Sullivan, Griffith University
AOASG Director Dr Virginia Barbour

4. A big thank you! Charles Darwin University Charles Sturt University
Council of New Zealand University Librarians (CONZUL)
Curtin University 
Flinders University
James Cook University
Griffith University
La Trobe University
Macquarie University
Notre Dame University
Southern Cross University
University of Melbourne
University of Newcastle
UNSW Sydney
Queensland University of Technology
University of New England
University of Southern Queensland
University of the Sunshine Coast
University of Western Australia
Victoria University
Tiered membership model

5. AOASG in 2019 Engagement strategy Support CAUL projects
Website review and digital resources
New members / state roadshows + workshops
Respond to Plan S
National approach to Open Scholarship

6. Key points in timeline of OA in Australia & NZ
2001 ANU established the first e-print repository in an Australian university
2003 QUT first university globally to mandate open access to its scholarly work via its repository
2010 CAUL and CONZUL Statements on Open Scholarship
2012/3 NHMRC and ARC OA Policies took effect
2016/7 Updates to ARC and NHMRC policies
2016 Productivity Commission IP report makes OA recommendation
2017 Recommendation supported by federal government - but not implemented
2016/7 F.A.I.R. Policy statement developed
2018 AOASG/CAUL submission to the Productivity Commission on need to develop a strategic national approach to open scholarship in Australia
2018 House of Representatives Education Committee supports coordinated national approach to open scholarship as outlined in AOASG submission to inquiry
2019 CAUL/AOASG response to the Plan S Consultation
2019 CAUL/AOASG Election Statement – Developing a strategic approach to open scholarship in Australia

7. Key OA developments in 2017/8 – regionally
CAUL Fair, Affordable and Open Access to Knowledge initiatives;
Open Scholarship statement
APC work
Repositories
Tohatoha formed from Creative Commons New Zealand
Formation of ARDC from ANDS, Nectar and RDS
Australian House of Representatives Standing Committee on Employment, Education and Training Inquiry into Research Funding supports AOASG recommendation for national approach to OA:
“The Committee recommends that the Australian Government develop a more strategic approach to Australia’s open scholarship environment.”

8. Key OA developments in 2018 – globally
Coalition S - Plan S and OA 2020
Increasing number of journal/publisher cancellations by institutions/countries
Re-engagement of academics in OA debate
Journal boards resigning because of publisher reponse to OA
Increasing discussion of open infrastructure investment - Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS); Confederation Open Access Repositories (COAR); Invest in Open Infrastructure
Funders flexing their muscles e.g. Wellcome, US-based Open Research Funder Group
Increasing acceptance of openness as necessary for integrity/quality
“FAIR” being used for more than data

9. At the beginning of 2019 we thought these would be key issues locally for the coming year
Release of OA data collected as part of ERA – only 32% of articles reported as OA
Australian Federal Election response to House of Representatives Enquiry – awaiting response
NHMRC and Chief Scientist focus on Research Quality – in progress

10. At the beginning of 2019 we thought these would be key issues globally for the coming year
Plan S implementation – still yet come after 600+ responses
Ongoing publisher negotiations
Continued expansion of new models, such as preprints
More focus on FAIR for all research outputs – still mostly for data
More focus on coordination of the open ecosystem ( for infrastructure )
Increasing focus on quality and integrity of academic research outputs –aat journals/funders etc
Cost models

11. Why does OA in Europe affect Australian research?
Australian Universities collaborate globally
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

12. Measuring OA About 20 years towards OA ARC 2018 ERA – 32% average
Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative (COKI) – 40%
CWTS Leiden Ranking – 40%+
Elsevier Scopus (Go8) – 20-30%+
Web of Science (Go8) – 10%

13. Plan S – why it is such a game changer

14. Authors retain copyright
Funders will establish criteria and requirements for high quality OA journals and platforms
Funders will provide incentives to establish and support new venues and will support Open Access infrastructures
Open Access publication fees will be covered by Funders or universities, not individual researchers
For Open Access publication fees, funding is standardised and capped
 Funders will ask universities, research organisations, and libraries to align their policies and strategies
Timeline to achieve Open Access for monographs and books may be longer than 1 January 2020
The importance of open archives and repositories for hosting research outputs is acknowledged
The ‘hybrid’ model of publishing is not compliant with the above principles
The Funders will monitor compliance and sanction non-compliance.

15. Plan S approach is gaining momentum
Funders are growing increasingly impatient with publishers
Library consortia and libraries are cancelling or failing to reach agreement on renewing subscriptions
Publishers are seeing the writing on the wall and are offering solutions
Open access is no longer seen as just the responsibility of libraries
ISI Plan S Footprint reports 6.4% of global article output would be published under Plan S
AOASG & CAUL supportive and see a Green and Transformative future

16. Cancellations and New Agreements SPARC https://sparcopen
Hungary – Elsevier
Sweden – Elsevier
Germany – Elsevier
California – Elsevier
Finland – Taylor & Francis
New Agreements
Norway – Elsevier
Finland – Elsevier
Germany – Wiley
UK – Springer Nature
Netherland – Oxford Uni Press
Australia?
Read only agreements -> Publish & Read agreements -> Transformative Publish only agreements
Are Publish & Read agreements an example of national consortium level agreement for hybrid publishing?

17. OA economy and costs
Global publishing output is increasing by 9% p.a. so it’s going to cost more
China now publishes as many outputs as the USA
OA cannot be free to everyone. There has to be a supporting economy
Complexity & diversity increasing
Publishers have a key role as infrastructure and service providers; not content peddlers
Read -> Publish & Read -> Transformative
Potential of transformative agreements
Market share shift amongst major publishers
Is Publish & Read hybrid on a national scale?
Publishers pushing hybrid APC costs on to authors with little or no benefit in terms of citations and impact
Increasing publisher transparency / APC costing
Cost of review and prioritisation is massive
Need to leverage technology, early reviews, share reviews
Need new more inclusive citation tools
ISI predicts a shift to Author profiling from QB
Universities will need to shift their incentive and reward structures

18. What might happen in Australia in response?
Increased demand from academics for alignment with European approach
likely
Universities wield their power in consortial deals
possible
Funders support Plan S
unclear
Government agrees to supports strategic approach to open scholarship

19. Key issues to resolve Is there interest to support Plan S here?
Do we have the infrastructure in Australia to support Plan S?
Journal publishing
Repositories
Without a national approach, how do we coordinate?