1. Evidence - tends to prove a fact by proving other events or circumstances which afford a basis for a reasonable inference of the occurrence of the fact at issue
Appellee/ Appellant - the party to an appeal arguing that the lower court's judgment was correct and should stand
Bench Trial - another term for a trial before a judge only without a jury
Appellate Review/ Appellate - having the power to review the judgment of another tribunal (or court)
Federal Courts - a court of a federal government, especially one established under the Constitution of the United States
Brief - a document stating the facts and points of law of a client‘s case
State Courts - a court established in accordance with a state constitution and having jurisdiction to adjudicate matters of state law  
Case Law - the law developed through the courts over time, based upon precedent
Motion - a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote  

2. Petition for Certiorari - made to a superior appellate court, which may exercise its discretion in accepting a case for review, while an appeal of a case from a lower court to an intermediate appellate court, or from an intermediate appellate court to a superior appellate court, is regulated by statute  
Deposition - statements made in court under oath
Statutory Law - the law that exists in legislatively enacted statutes especially as distinguished from common law  
Acquittal - the act of deciding that a person is not guilty of a crime
Jury trial - common law process by which the "peers of the accused" are responsible for listening to a dispute, evaluating the evidence presented, deciding on the facts, and making a decision in accordance with the rules of law and their jury instructions
Affidavit - a written statement that is then signed under oath
Affirmed - to declare that something is true
Witness - a person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, take place