1. French revolution 1789
CHAPTER 18

2. There were 3 classes of people in France –
Clergy/Church(1st Estate)
Nobles/Royalty (2nd Estate)
Common People (3rd Estate)
Big differences in the way each estate lived
The King had total authority – lived very well and paid few taxes
Poor struggled and paid most of the taxes
If taxes were raised, the poor often starved

3. Oath of the tennis court
King Louis XVI called a meeting with all 3 estates to raise money and new taxes to pay for fighting wars
Common people wanted reform, the King refused
The common people formed the National Assembly and demanded a new constitution

4. Storming of the bastille
The Bastille was used as a prison
People were sent there when they disagreed with the king or refused to pay taxes
Stories of people rotting away in dungeons and of terrible tortures
Most people hated and feared the Bastille
July 14, 1789 – common people took a stand for their freedom and stormed the Bastille

5. Rebels freed the prisoners
Murdered the governor – carried his head on a stick in the streets
French Revolution had begun
The king had no idea what was going on because he had been hunting

6. The french revolution
National Assembly wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man
Nobles lost most their rights and the king lost much of his power
The king and queen were eventually executed by guillotine
Many new leaders began to execute their enemies – Reign of Terror

8. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE
Military leader who created the French Empire after the revolution
Won many battles and became popular with the people
Ruled as a military leader and restored order in France

9. Brought religious peace
Changed the tax system
Instituted new laws – Napoleonic Code – put an end to the special treatment of nobles
Began some wars to gain more land
1804 crowned himself Emperor Napoleon I
From , controlled most of Europe

10. Napoleon’s Mistake 1812 declared war on Russia
Napoleon’s army followed the Russian troops deep into Russia
As this army followed, Russian destroyed everything that might help Napoleon’s troops
Winter came, Napoleon’s army ran out of food, freezing
Russian attacked when the soldiers were weak
Other soldiers froze to death

11. Battle of waterloo
4 European countries joined together to stop Napoleon from taking their land
They were successful in defeating Napoleon
Napoleon was sent away to a tiny island off the coast of Africa
May 5, 1821, he died