1. Optimal graft diameter: Effect of wall shear stress on vascular healing 
Richard L. Binns, MD 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages (September 1989)
DOI: / (89)
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Histologic section through anastomoses of 8 mm and 6 mm grafts. Artery is toward the left in each figure. Neointima was twice as thick in the 8 mm grafts. L, lumen; N, neointima. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 20 in each section.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
A, Scanning electron microscopic view through proximal half of graft. Note smooth neointima near the anastomosis in contrast to rough pseudointima. Ar, artery; G, graft; N, neointima; P, pseudointima. (Original magnification × 11.3.) B, Gross photograph of sectioned graft shows blue-black staining of pseudointima compared with lighter staining of smooth neointima. Ar, artery; An, anastomosis; G, graft; N, neointima; P, pseudointima.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
A, Section through anastomosis shows ingrowth of smooth muscle and endothelial cells from native artery to form neointimal lining of graft. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 50.) B, Higher powered view of neointima shows highly organized, predominantly smooth muscle cell, endothelium-covered layer. Ar, artery; E, endothelial cells; G, graft; L, lumen; N, neointimal layer. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 100.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 3
C, Scanning electron microscopic view of anastomotic neointima shows smooth polygonal-shaped cells resembling normal endothelium. (Original magnification × 570.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 4
A, Section through transition zone. Note wedge of smooth muscle cells underlying thrombotic debris. Anastomosis is toward the right. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 50.) B, Higher powered view through transition zone shows endothelial cells growing over the thrombus as they leave the smooth muscle layer. E, endothelial cells; G, graft; L, lumen; Sm, smooth muscle cells. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 100.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 5
A, Section through the end of transition zone and the beginning of pseudointima. Endothelium ends near middle of photograph and the rough thrombus of pseudointima is evident. Note absence of smooth muscle cells here. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 50.) B, Scanning electron microscopic view of the end of transition zone. Left half shows smooth neointima giving way to thrombus-covered pseudointima. Right half is higher power view showing intimal and pseudointimal detail. (Original magnification × 15/150.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 5
C, High power section of pseudointima. This layer composed of fibrinous debris, thrombocytes, and red blood cell and white blood cell fragments. (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification × 100.) D, Scanning electron microscopic view of pseudointima. Note abundant platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. (Original magnification × 580.)
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery North American Chapter Terms and Conditions