1. Write and Define the 5 Pillars in your notebooks

2. Mohammed/Muhammad 622-forced to leave Mecca for the city of Medina
this move is called the hejira
he created the first Islamic city-state in Medina
630 -returned and invaded Mecca
632 -death of Mohamed

3. Mohamed/Muhammad
had visions of the Angel Gabriel, who told him to recite the word of god
Mohamed’s teachings were collected and written in the Quran

4. The Spread of Islam

5. Rightly Guided
The first four successors of Muhammad Rightly Guided Caliphs Caliph – “Successor”
related to Muhammad
elected by men
Expanded Islam through Arabian Peninsula, into the Byzantine and Persian Empire

6. Civil War 656 – Caliph Uthman murdered Umayyad family gains Caliphate
No relation to Muhammad
Moves capital to Damascus

7. Split within Islam
Shi`a (Shiite) – Muslims who believed the Caliph should always be a relative of Muhammad
Supported theocracy (laws of the land should be Islamic law)
Opposed the Umayyads
Supported the Abbasid (10%)

8. Sunni – Supported Umayyads
Believed any good Muslim Man is eligible to be Caliph – no relation to Muhammad necessary
Tend to support separation of Church and state

9. Religious Issues Koran or Qur’an – Holy Book of Muhammad’s teachings
Jihad = holy struggle
Some interpret this as individual struggle to do good.
Some saw this as the struggle to spread Islam ( holy war)
Jews and Christians allowed to practice their religions “People of the Book”
Polytheists must convert, leave or will be killed.

11. Expansion
Abbasid Family takes control of Caliphate in 750AD & moves capital to Baghdad
Golden Age
Diplomats to set up trade networks to the East and North
Umayyads flee to Spain
Berbers (N. African Muslims) invade Europe to the borders of France
Settle in Spain

12. Watch the Spread of Islam

13. Abbasid Palace

14. Islamic Empires

15. India – Mughal Dynasty

17. Sufi Muslims
Believed people should give up their materialistic lifestyles and devote themselves to poverty and spiritual study

18. Ottoman Empire

19. West Africa