1. Role of Renewables in Energy Security for Poor
Tarun Kapoor
Joint Secretary
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

2. Global Energy Access Scenario
Globally 1.3 billion people ( around 20% of Global population) do not have electricity to light their homes or conduct business.
Share of Population (%) without Access to Electricity

3. Global Energy Access Scenario Cont.
Further, around 3 billion people rely entirely or to a large degree, on traditional biomass for cooking and heating.
Share of Population (%) Relying on Traditional Biomass for cooking

4. Household Energy Consumption Trends (Census 2011)
Around 78 million or 31% Indian households, primarily from rural areas (73 million households from rural areas) use kerosene to meet the lighting energy requirement.
Percentage of urban population using kerosene witnessed a sharp decline from 75% to 14%.
During the last 20 years, the percentage of population using LPG increased from 47% to 65% in urban areas. Similarly, the percentage of urban population using traditional biomass energy has declined by more than half.
In rural households, the uptake of LPG was much slower. In 2011 only 11.4% of the rural population used LPG.
All biomass fuels-fire-wood, crop residue and cow dung cake-still have a deep penetration of 62.5%, 12.3% and 10.9% respectively.

5. Electricity Access Cont.
State–wise Rural Household Electrification Levels

6. Energy Solutions Lighting Cooking
Rural households still without access to modern lighting services
Around 74 million
If each household be provided with 100 Watt load for basic lighting facilities then power requirement would be
Around 7.4 GW
Cooking
Households using either traditional biomass or coal/charcoal or kerosene
Around 173 million
If each household (having 4 members per households) be provided with 0.25 sq. mt. collector area for cooking purposes then requirement of collector area would be
Around million sq. mt.

7. Alternatives for Lighting
Setting up mini/micro grids depending upon availability of renewable energy resources where conventional grid is technically and economically not feasible.
If mini-grid is also not feasible then standalone lighting systems such as solar home lighting systems may be provided.
Central Charging Station based Solar Lighting systems

8. Success so far Technology Achievements
No. Villages and Hamlets sanctioned under RVE programme
12,760
No. of home lights installed under Off grid solar scheme
9,30,471
PV based micro grids
61 nos. with aggregate capacity 1.6 MW
Biomass based micro grid
70 gasifier systems of 32 kW each
Solar Lantern charging station
1000 stations for charging lanterns
Cook Stove
Implemented a pilot scale project for demonstration of 400 nos. of community cook stoves in mid day meal schemes in schools.
ii) A pilot scale project for demonstration of 6000 nos. of family sized cook stoves is under implementation.

9. Economic Viability Mini grid Standalone Lighting Systems:
MNRE norm: Rs. 500/- per watt (for PV based)
Approx cost Rs. 40,000/- per households for 5 lights, a fan, a TV etc up to 100 watt load.
Standalone Lighting Systems:
MNRE norm: Rs. 243/- per watt
Approx cost Rs. 25,000/- per households for 5 lights, a fan, a TV etc up to 100 watt DC load.
Solar Lantern:
Between Rs. 500 to Rs. 2000/- for 0.25 W to 3 W.

10. Regulatory & Policy Issues
Permission to set up mini/micro grid: No license in rural areas
When grid reaches or if grid is already there then
Co-existence with grid
Distribution franchisee
Ability to sell at higher rate than Discom
Draw bulk power from grid
Feed power in to the grid
Government subsidy of up to 90%: Ownership issue
Viability without Government subsidy: Easy & low cost finance
Management issues:
Role of panchayats
Local entrepreneurs
Technical Issues :
Voltage for DC Grids
Metering specifications for inter actions
Safety

11. Thank You