1. Starter: This is the source of the River Tees. Why is it like this?
At Cross Fell the terrain is very moist and boggy.
The river at this point is no more than 30 to 50 cm wide and is more of a trickle.

2. How has the River Tees shaped the land in its upper course?
Learning Objectives:
To know what the river is like in the upper course.
To understand how waterfalls form.

3. What is the upper course of the River Tees like?
Watch this clip
(from 1:51 up to 7:03)
Need extra help?
Choose from these words:
Calm
Energetic
Slower
Fast flowing
Turbulent
Wide
Narrow
Steep
Gentle
Rocky
Sandy.
Words to describe the River Tees near the source.
Challenge question: Why is the river able to erode lots of material in its upper course?

4. High Force Waterfall on the River Tees
This is Pablo, a boulder of whinstone.
Pablo was at the top of the waterfall.
Now Pablo is here
Clip from 7:48 - 8:20
Can you explain how Pablo ended up at the bottom of the waterfall?

5. How did Pablo end up at the bottom of High Force Waterfall?
Watch this clip (from 9:50 – 11:18).

6. How does a waterfall start to form?

7. Waterfall formation

8. The waterfall retreats back forming a gorge (steep sided valley)
Overhang becomes unsupported and falls into the plunge pool

10. How did Pablo end up at the bottom of the waterfall?
Task:
Draw a set of 4 diagrams to show how the waterfall formed and how Pablo ended up at the bottom of the waterfall. Then write a paragraph to explain this. Use the diagrams on firefly to help you.
Make sure you include the following words:
Gorge erosion erode undercut plunge pool whinstone
Hard / resistant rock Soft / less resistant rock retreats
Challenge: Explain how V shaped valleys are formed. Draw a diagram to help you.

12. Plenary:
Which of these photos belong to the upper course of the River Tees? B C A D F E

13. Identify v-shaped valley from this OS map