1. Flexion–extension torques acting about the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint during walking, trotting and cantering.
Flexion–extension torques acting about the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint during walking, trotting and cantering. Data were normalized temporally to the swing (–99 to 0%) and stance (1 to 100%) phases of each stride. EMG activation patterns for the two muscles that actuate this joint (CDE and the radial head of DDF) are shown in the panels below. Standard deviations are indicated by the shaded areas.
Simon M. Harrison et al. J Exp Biol 2012;215:
© 2012.