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Creating a “New” Europe
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Treaty of Versailles Six months of negotiations
Establish the League of Nations Separate treaties w/ the 5 CP nations Germany-most damaging OE-lost land, colonies under League of Nations, becomes Turkey Bulgaria-lost land, restrictions on size of army, pay reparations Danzig (Poland) is a “Free City”
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Treaty of Versailles Austria-Hungary – country had broken up prior to Armistice Austria-lost land, army no larger than 30,000, pay reparations (went bankrupt, could not pay), forbidden to have any union or treaty with Germany Hungary-lost about half of all land, army reduced to 35, 000, pay reparations (amount never set so did not ever pay anything)
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Treaty of Versailles Terms of German treaty very harsh
440 clauses in the treaty Germany alone responsible for war “Guilt Clause” Germany gives up much territory Alsace-Lorraine to France Colonies to League of Nations Belgium, Denmark, Poland, and Czechoslovakia receive land
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Treaty of Versailles Many restrictions on German gov’t/mil
Army reduce to 100K, no tanks allowed Navy allowed only 6 ships, no U-boats NO Airforce Rhineland not allowed to have any military personnel or weapons NO draft
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$3.128 TRILLION (in today’s dollars)
Treaty of Versailles Germany must pay reparations $3.128 TRILLION (in today’s dollars)
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New Countries Austria Hungary Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia Palestine
Lithuania Transjordan Syria Iraq Finland Estonia Latvia
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League of Nations Covenant Promote international cooperation
Keep peace among nations Settle disputes Reduce armaments
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League of Nations Three main agencies: assembly, council, secretariat
World Court affiliated-still in existence (The Hague) 59 countries eventually join US never joins
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Vocabulary Treaty of Versailles Reparations Mandate League of Nations
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