1. Chapter 36
Aldehydes and ketones

2. Purpose
You will be given an unknown that may be any of the aldehydes or ketones listed in Table 36.1 (p. 510).
By performing the characteristic tests and preparing chemical derivatives and measuring their melting points you are to figure out the structure of the unknown.

3. Comments Follow pp. 509-514 (microscale).
Follow the lab handout for all experimental procedures. Perform Parts 2, 3, 6 and 7 only.
Measure the mp of semicarbazone and 2,4-DNP derivative and compare with table values (p. 510).
Carry out iodoform test to discover CH3CO- group and bisulfite test to reveal aldehydes, unhindered cyclic ketones and methyl ketones.

4. Safety
Flammable solvents and reagents are used in this experiment, keep away from open flame.
2,4-DNP and semicarbazide are harmful if swallowed and irritating to eyes and skin. Also a limited evidence of carcinogenic effects was revealed for hydrazine derivatives. Avoid contact with skin and eyes and do not swallow. Iodoform is harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed, and is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Avoid contact with skin and eyes; do not swallow or inhale dust.