1. The Reformation

2. Calvinism John Calvin (1509-1564) Anti-Catholic
Influenced by Martin Luther
Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.”
Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland

3. Calvinism
More of a scholar than Luther
Calvin’s Institutes (1536)
Predestination
Foreknowing God
Saints and Sinners
No Drinking, Swearing, Card Playing, Gambling, Dancing

4. Calvinism Calvin asked to come to Geneva in Switzerland
Sets up a theocracy (government run by church leaders)
People of Geneva came to believe they were “chosen people” – hard working boring lives
Reformers from all over Europe started coming to Geneva learning Calvin’s ideas and taking them back to their home countries
By the 1500s Calvinism had spread to Germany, the Netherlands, England, and Scotland

5. Huldrych Zwingli

6. Zwingli Last of the three big reformers
Zwingli was also located in Switzerland
Zwingli rose through the ranks of the Catholic church until he was appointed "People's Priest" in 1519
Although Zwingli did have some opposition from traditional Catholics his biggest problems came from his own congregation who were much more radical and would eventually become the Anabaptists

7. Zwingli’s Beliefs
Zwingli believed If the Old or New Testament did not say something explicitly and literally, then no Christian should believe or practice it
Catholic images removed
The mass replaced with a simple service emphasizing preaching
Communion celebrated more as a "spiritual" reception of Christ – NOT REALLY DRINKING THE BLOOD OF CHRIST
In 1522, Zwingli mounted a protest against the fast at Lent, this was a standard practice for Catholics but Zwingli argued “The New Testament says absolutely nothing about fasting at Lent so the practice is inherently unchristian.”
Zwingli was much more like Calvin than Luther and wanted to get rid of the Catholic Church not just reform it.

9. Anabaptists Anabaptist – To baptize again
Started with a Sect that believed that infant baptism was wrong because babies were to young to understand what it meant to accept the Christian faith
Some Anabaptists had much more radical ideas
Abolish private property
Bring judgment day faster through violence
Most were peaceful
Anabaptists led to Baptists, Mennonites, and Amish