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U.S. History Chapter 13: Industrial Growth in the North Section 3: The Transportation Revolution
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Quick share (I’m looking at you Wilson brothers!)
Entry Task Think of something that has been invented in your lifetime, that has made life easier. What is it and how did it make life easier. Quick share (I’m looking at you Wilson brothers!)
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Transportation Revolution
New Ways to Travel Transportation Revolution Period of rapid growth in the speed & convenience in travel Created a boom in business
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Roads, canals built New inventions Steamboat Railroad
New Ways to Travel Roads, canals built New inventions Steamboat Railroad
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Shipping times reduced
New Ways to Travel Shipping times reduced 1817: shipping cargo from Cincinnati, OH to New York, NY took two months 1850s: One week
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Shipping costs reduced
New Ways to Travel Shipping costs reduced Overland: $100 to ship a load of goods by land across NY state Canal: $5
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The Steamboat Steamboat: one of the first breakthroughs of the transportation revolution Robert Fulton: inventor who developed a steam-powered boat
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Fulton demonstrating his steamboat to Napoleon Bonaparte
The Steamboat 1803: tested a steamboat in France Clermont: full-sized commercial steamboat Fulton demonstrating his steamboat to Napoleon Bonaparte
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Advantages: The Steamboat Move quickly against the current
Did not rely on wind power Shorter travel time, reduced costs
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Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Thomas Gibbons: operated a steamboat between NJ & Manhattan using a federal license Did not have a state license from NY
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Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Aaron Ogden
Aaron Ogden: had been granted a monopoly on the steamboat business by NY state Ogden sues Gibbons Supreme Court rules in favor of Gibbons Assertion of Congress’ power to regulate interstate commerce Federal law overruled state law Aaron Ogden
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1800s: Steam- powered trains developed in Britain
American Railroads 1800s: Steam- powered trains developed in Britain 1830: Peter Cooper builds the Tom Thumb Peter Cooper
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American Railroads Steam-powered trains became popular after Cooper raced the Tom Thumb against a horse-drawn railcar
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American Railroads 1840: 2000 miles of track laid
Engineers built faster, more powerful locomotives Accidents common because engineers would travel too fast
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Shipping goods to distant markets
American Railroads 1860: 30,000 miles of track laid Shipping goods to distant markets Helped cities grow
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