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Prenatal exposure to a farm environment modifies atopic sensitization at birth
Markus Johannes Ege, MD, Ileana Herzum, MD, Gisela Büchele, MPH, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, MD, Roger P. Lauener, MD, Marjut Roponen, PhD, Anne Hyvärinen, PhD, Dominique A. Vuitton, MD, Josef Riedler, MD, Bert Brunekreef, PhD, Jean-Charles Dalphin, MD, PhD, Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer, MD, Juha Pekkanen, MD, Harald Renz, MD, Erika von Mutius, MD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 122, Issue 2, Pages e4 (August 2008) DOI: /j.jaci Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions
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Fig 1 Recruitment of the study population.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci ) Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions
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Fig 2 Prevalences of detectable IgE for specific allergens in cord blood of farm and reference children. Farm children are represented by black bars, and reference children are represented by gray bars. Statistically significant differences are indicated as follows: ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < D. ptero, D pteronyssinus. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci ) Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions
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Fig 3 The combined effect of the mother spending any time in animal sheds and handling hay during pregnancy on cord blood–specific IgE levels against grass pollen. Prevalence of sensitization to grass pollen in cord blood is given for the 3 exposure categories. The fourth category (hay contact without exposure to animal sheds) contained only 14 nonsensitized children (<2% of all) and was therefore not included in the figure. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci ) Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions
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Center-adjusted odds ratios for the effects of maternal farm activities on IgE levels for seasonal allergens in cord blood. The odds ratios are adjusted for study center. Only children whose mothers were exposed to animal sheds during pregnancy are included (n = 464). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , e4DOI: ( /j.jaci ) Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions
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