1. Distal in situ vein bypass torsion—A technique to avoid it
John D. Corson, M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.S. (Eng.), Robert P. Leather, M.D., Dhiraj M. Shah, M.D., Allastair M. Karmody, M.D., Ch.M., F.R.C.S. (Eng. & Edinb.) 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages (August 1986)
DOI: / (86)
Copyright © 1986 Society for Vascular Surgery and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Orientation of each ligated branch is carefully noted and forceps placed on pressurized vein so that tip of forceps is opposite proposed apex of vein.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1986 4, DOI: ( / (86) )
Copyright © 1986 Society for Vascular Surgery and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Inflow is occluded and vein is partially transected. Venotomy is completed along its required length, keeping tension along anterior wall by holding partially amputated tip.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1986 4, DOI: ( / (86) )
Copyright © 1986 Society for Vascular Surgery and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Retaining partially transected tip of vein until anastomosis is almost completed minimizes any mechanical damage to endothelium.
Journal of Vascular Surgery 1986 4, DOI: ( / (86) )
Copyright © 1986 Society for Vascular Surgery and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions