1. D11 Application
The U.S. Congress has decided that they want to make community college available for free in every state, though at no additional expense to Americans; they will pay for it with the funds gained from a decrease in foreign aid (approx. 3 billion per year).

2. D11 Application
The U.S. Congress has decided that they want to make community college available for free in every state, though at no additional expense to Americans; they will pay for it with the funds gained from a decrease in foreign aid (approx. 3 billion per year).
Is this a good idea in theory? Why or why not?
Can Congress do this? Be specific. Mention several powers/parts of the Constitution.
See list of Congressional powers on slide below, along with other, potentially relevant portions of the Constitution
What would Jefferson and Hamilton say (based on their bank perspective)? Review their letters from D11.

3. Examples of Congressional Powers, as outlined in Article 1 of the Constitution
Pass laws (must pass w/majority in both Houses), which are then sent to the president; can veto a pres. veto to their legislation by 2/3 vote in each house
Lay and collect taxes; pay the debts; borrow money; coin money
Regulate commerce w/foreign nations, among states, and w/the Indian tribes
Provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States
Establish a uniform rule of naturalization (process for becoming a citizen)
Establish post offices
Promote the sciences/arts by securing for limited times to authors/inventors exclusive right to their writings/discoveries
Declare war; raise and support an army and navy; call forth state militias to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, repel invasions
“Congress shall make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing [aforementioned] powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof”

4. Other Relevant Portions of Constitution

5. Hamilton’s Fiscal Plan
Goal = get the nation’s economy on firm footing after the rocky years of the Revolution and Articles of Confederation
3 key tenets:
Protectionist economic policy
Assumption of state debts
National bank
Signed into law by Congress and Washington

6. National Bank—Jefferson’s Take
If it’s not enumerated OR completely necessary to carry out the enumerated powers  can’t do it
Bank NOT necessary to carry out enumerated duties
Liberal use of the general welfare clause = dangerous
Reliance on 10th Amendment
Convenience is different from necessity

7. National Bank—Hamilton’s Take
Government can do what it wants so long as the Constitution doesn’t explicitly forbid it AND it promotes the general welfare
Implied powers = just as legitimate as expressed
As long as there’s a natural relationship between the implied and expressed, it’s constitutional
Bank = related to collecting taxes, regulating trade, etc., thus, it’s constitutional
Liberal use of the elastic clause to promote the general welfare

8. Results of Hamilton’s Fiscal Plan
Results  restored financial health of the U.S., increased foreign investment, established a stable currency, brought revenue to government, helped develop industries…but at what cost?
Jefferson felt it established a dangerous precedent