1. A cell is like a miniature version of you
A cell is like a miniature version of you. It requires nutrients and, in the process of breaking down the nutrients, the cell produces wastes. So there has to be a way to get nutrients in and wastes out. This process in cells is called _cellular transport_. 
The organelle responsible for cellular transport is the __cell membrane.

2. General Terms
Concentration gradient – The _change in_ distribution of particles.
Osmotic Pressure – the _water_ pressure in cells
Turgor pressure – the water pressure in _plant_ cells
Plasmolysis – Process where the cell membrane _________ from the cell wall due to water loss.

3. What Causes Plasmolysis?
(a hypertonic solution)

4. Pick the solution type Hypotonic Hypotonic Hypotonic
Isotonic Isotonic Isotonic
Hypertonic Hypertonic Hypertonic

5. 2 Types of Transport
Passive – movement without the need for energy (always from high to low concentration)
Types are:
Diffusion – movement of particles from high to low concentration
Osmosis – movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
Facilitated Transport – movement of large particles through integral proteins

6. Passive Transport
A process that does not require energy to move molecules from a HIGH to LOW concentration
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis

7. HIGH to LOW concentration
Diffusion
HIGH to LOW concentration

10. 2 Types of Transport
Active – movement of particles across the cell membrane that requires energy (low to high)
Types are:
Endocytosis – cell takes in materials from outside by engulfing it with the plasma (cell) membrane
Exocytosis – cell pushes material out through the plasma (cell) membrane using a vesicle

11. ANALOGY: ENERGY NEEDED: Active Transport NO ENERGY NEEDED: Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
ENERGY NEEDED:
Active Transport

12. Endocytosis and Exocytosis is the mechanism by which very large molecules (such as food and wastes) get into and out of the cell
Food is moved into the cell by Endocytosis
Wastes are moved out of the cell by Exocytosis

14. Transport Protein Used? Facilitated Diffusion
Fill in the Chart
Type of Transport
Transport Protein Used?
Direction of Movement?
Needs Energy?
Active or Passive?
Osmosis
Simple Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Exocytosis
Endocytosis

15. Why are cells so small?
As the volume of a cell (the inside of the cell with all of the working organelles) increases, the surface area (the cell membrane) doesn’t increase as much. So…….
The cell membrane can’t diffuse enough nutrients in and wastes out to maintain a larger volume, so cells have adapted by increasing the surface area thus increasing the surface area to volume ratio.