1. Causes of Ethnic Violence
Ethnic Conflict
Causes of Ethnic Violence

2. Monday
In our last class, we discussed the theories surrounding the origin of ethnic identities:
Primordialist
Instrumentalist
Constructivist
Today, we will be looking at theoretical causes of ethnic conflict

3. Rise of Ethnic Violence
Mobilization-Assimilation Gap
Rising Expectations vs. Rising Frustrations
Strain Theory
Relative Deprivation Theory
Developmental Approach
Reactive Ethnicity Approach

4. Developmental Approach
Ethnic identity is an independent variable in predicting ethnic violence
Ethnic groups prefer to be governed by their kin than by aliens

5. Reactive Ethnicity Approach
Cultural division of labor
Aliens taking (higher-paying) jobs from the ethnic group caused the ethnic group to become more cohesive

6. Multinational Democracies
Plural society model
Political stability maintained only through coercion and control
Consociational democracy model
Political stability maintained through ethnic political involvement in a pluralist democratic political system
Hegemonic exchange model
Role of state is to facilitate the interactions between different ethnicities in ways that benefit all

7. Types of Democracies Presidential System Parliamentary System
Standard Model
Westminster Model
Hybrid Systems
According to Riggs (2002), what does this have to do with factors affecting prevalence of ethnic conflict?

8. Post-Cold War Explosion
With the fall of the Soviet Union, a large number of new ethnic conflicts began.
Chechnya
Nagorno-Karabakh
Bosnia
Croatia
Somalia
Rwanda
Thailand
Moldova
Congo (DRC)
Sierra Leone
Indonesia
India
Afghanistan
Iraq
Liberia
Nigeria

9. Possible Causes Ancient hatreds Irredentist / Anti-Irredentist
Insecurity and Fear
A.k.a. Security Dilemma
Elite Power Theory
Flat World Theory
A.k.a. Globalization
Economic Differentials

10. Intractability
Ethnic conflicts tend to last longer than other types of conflicts
Durable
Visible
Audible

11. Assignment
Taras and Ganguly: 44-52
Paper Topic due next Monday